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NSG4068: Trends in Healthcare Policy Course Assignments & Discussions Study Guide

NSG4068: Trends in Healthcare Policy Course Description

Credits 4.0

This course explores healthcare, financial and regulatory policies that prepare the Registered Nurse student for an enhanced role as policy maker and healthcare advocate. Economics of healthcare disparities in the healthcare system, legal and ethical issues as well as impact of social trends will be addressed.

Prerequisites

NSG3029 Foundations of Nursing Research

Corequisites

None

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NSG4068: Trends in Healthcare Policy Course Syllabus & Assignments Summary

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 1 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 2 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 3 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 4 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 5 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 1 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 2 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 3 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 4 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 5 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 1 Discussion

Envisioning Yourself as an Advocate for Nurses and Health Policy

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates' initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

And, so we begin a very fast-paced and packed course on policy, politics, and nursing. Each of us has his or her own experiences and interest in advocacy. You may want to start your journey by reading Savage's piece from your course textbook. Her chapter captures her journey and may serve as a primer for your experience these next few weeks. This week's readings and assignments will help you to picture yourself moving in a direction to developing/honing/refining your advocacy skills.

Answer one of the following questions:

From the chapter “The Changing United States Health Care System” in your course textbook, using either the story of Wald's efforts to improve the health status of impoverished immigrant communities or the story of how advanced practice registered nurses have struggled with their legitimacy within the health care delivery system, compare your own experience in nursing.

Have there been challenges you have faced? If so, what strategies did you employ to overcome these challenges?

How do you envision your career moving forward in advocating for your patients? Your community? Yourself?

From your daily briefs, Kaiser Health News Morning Briefing or POLITICO Pulse.

List the interest groups that are mentioned in the brief and what their interest is in the piece.

Categorize the issues in the brief according to the following—politics and politicians, access to health care, health care insurance, health care legislation, money, drugs, or other.

NSG 4068 Week 1 Discussion Example

A challenge that I have faced in my nursing career is working with others who have difficulty with accountability. They are not held accountable for their actions and, therefore, do the bare minimum to scrape by. I believe that accountability is a fundamental characteristic of nursing. It is, at the core, snaking its way through nursing practice in all settings and in all layers. It is doing the right thing day in and day out, no matter who is watching. Where a culture of accountability prevails, people do what they say they’ll do. Everyone builds integrity for themselves and for the institution by holding themselves and one another accountable. Nursing has been voted the most trusted profession for many years in a row. It’s vital that we maintain this level of trust in our profession with each and every healthcare encounter. This means being accountable for our practice, work environment, and patient safety. Registered Nurses are accountable for everything that they do within their role. We are members of a profession. Individual accountability in nursing has become the hallmark of practice (Black,2017).

An organization that lacks accountability is full of defences and rationalization for not attaining goals. Nursing staff may feel that almost is good enough as no one will notice the shortcomings. Or worse yet, they sense that goals are whimsical or unreachable, so it is best to put time and energy into cheating the system. Many nurses may have a fear of accountability because there is an expectation that is tied to it.

Accountability is comprised of three elements- clarity, commitment, and consequences (American Nurse Today, 2109). When an order is written, it must be clear, concise and specific; we, as nurses, are not mind readers. Clarity, to me, means explaining why. If I know the reasons behind an expectation, I am more likely to commit myself to meeting it. This is where commitment comes into play; simply receiving an order is not enough. We must choose to commit to carrying out the order. Lastly, along with accountability, there are consequences for not doing as we say or not taking responsibility for our actions. We’re often asked to balance increased workloads with higher acuity patient assignments, greater nurse-patient ratios, and organizational needs. As nurses, we need to be able to stand up and say, I take full responsibility for myself, my choices, and my behaviour. I’m willing to take responsibility for my mistakes and learn from them.

NSG 4068 Week 1 Discussion

I envision myself being the one to seek a culture change in my healthcare setting. I want to create a culture where everyone does what they say they will do and are held accountable for their actions, even if this means taking disciplinary action. I want to work with fellow nurses who I can rely on and, in return, can rely on me.

References:

Accountability: A concept worth revisiting. (2014, September 16). Retrieved February 23, 2019, from https://www.americannursetoday.com/accountability-a-concept-worth-revisiting/

Black, B.P (2014). Professional Nursing: Concepts & Challenges (8th Ed.). St. Louis: Saunders

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 2 Discussion

Social Determinants of Health

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates' initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

Answer one of the following questions:

Increasingly, health policymakers are becoming aware of the social determinants of health and the role they play in prevention disease and promoting health and wellness. In the “Frameworks for Action in Policy and Politics” chapter, examine Box 1-1 (Political Aspects of the Social Determinants of Health) and Figure 1-6 (The Who, What, Where, When, and Why of Nursing’s Policy Influence). Then compare these with the story about Lilian Wald’s work in New York City. Reflect on the “what” of Wald’s strategies. In your opinion, which did she use effectively?

Looking further at the “what” in Figure 1-6 and answer any one of the following questions:

Discuss at least three competencies/strategies that you have used effectively.

Identify three competencies/strategies that you don’t currently use and discuss how you might incorporate them into your advocacy toolbox.

Review the four recommendations in the IOM report The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health and find your state's action coalition. Discuss your state’s action coalition’s work as it aligns with these four recommendations. Is each recommendation being addressed? Based on your analysis of the website, how would you describe your state’s progress toward meeting the IOM recommendations?

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 3 Discussion

The ACA or the AHCA: Imperfect Solutions to Increasing Access to Health Care?

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates' initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

This week’s discussion focuses on the federal government’s role in protecting the public’s health using the ACA and current efforts to “repeal and replace” the ACA. Please note that the government’s role in protecting the public’s health did not begin with the ACA. In the late 1800s, Lilian Wald brought health care to the community. And in 1965, Congress passed bills authorizing Medicare and Medicaid. Since 1965, Congress has expanded government-sponsored health care to pregnant women and children.

Answer the following question:

Compare the current provisions in the ACA with those in the failed first version of the AHCA. Share your opinions about why the AHCA failed in the first attempt at passage.

Continue to read daily from one of the policy briefs that are included in your weekly readings list. POLITICO Pulse is a daily briefing from POLITICO, and the Kaiser Health News Morning Briefing is a daily briefing from the Kaiser Family Foundation. Both focus on health care. Either one will keep you abreast of what is happening in health care policies and politics.

In addition, subscribe to the “HealthCetera” podcast and listen to the podcast weekly. This is a production of WBAI, free speech radio of Pacifica Foundation Radio in New York City.Diana Mason and Barbara Glickstein are founders and codirectors of the Center for Health Media Policy (CHMP). Both are recognized as experts in media, nursing, health, and health policy. They have a longstanding relationship as producers and moderators of HealthCetera, a live, award-winning radio program on public radio and iTunes. They are bloggers for Disruptive Women in Health Care and for the American Journal of Nursing (AJN). The CHMP is an interdisciplinary initiative for advancing the health of the public and healthy public policies through media, research, education, and public forums. Listen to the podcast throughout the course and think on the topics that are discussed, especially as they relate to how we advocate for issues of importance in this contemporary political environment.

NSG 4068 Week 3 Discussion Example

Compare the current provisions in the ACA with those in the failed first version of the AHCA.

Based on the research and analysis of ACA and ACHA, the critical goal of the ACA was to ensure affordable health care is provided among all citizens regardless of their health condition, level of income, and age. Ordinarily, the insurance companies would have charged those with pre-existing conditions more than others without such conditions. Through this, the ACA helped avoid healthcare costs through regulations and imposed taxation on people who gained the most from healthcare, such as the insurers and the pharmaceutical companies (Obama Care Explained an Explanation of Obama Care, 2020). Moreover, in the states that have realized expansion in Medicaid, childless adults earning less than 100% of the Federal Poverty Level are now covered by Medicaid at no less than 90% federal match.

Share your opinions about why the AHCA failed in the first attempt at passage.

In the first trial, the ACHA failed based on its lack of merits. It would, therefore, cause unfavorable changes to the Americans. For instance, it would have cut off Medicaid, making it challenging to attain eligibility for healthcare coverage by reducing federal support for Medicaid (Aron-Dine et al., 2020). Such action would leave many people out of healthcare coverage and increase Medicaid premiums or force people to pay their pockets’ health expenses. This condition adversely affected people with low incomes since they could not afford the premiums or the related healthcare expenses. ACA and ACHA differed so that if a person had a healthcare plan, they could charge the premiums based on age. However, in ACA they could only charge 3% more for the aged than the young people, while ACHA     would charge about 5% more for the aged.

References:

Obama Care Explained an Explanation of Obama Care (November 2, 2020). Retrieved from: https://obamacarefacts.com/obamacare-explained/

Aron-Dine, A., Schubel, J., Solomon, J., Broaddus, M., & Hayes, K. (2020). Larger, Longer-Lasting Increases in Federal Medicaid Funding Needed to Protect Coverage. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.

The Future of U.S. Health Care: Replace or Revise the Affordable Care Act? (n.d). Retrieved from: https://www.rand.org/health-care/key-topics/health-policy/in-depth.html

Facts about ACA (n.d). Retrieved from:  https://www.plannedparenthood.org/planned- parenthood-upper-Hudson/patient-resources/facts-about-aca

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 4 Discussion

Advance Care Planning and Analysis

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates' initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

Read the section titled “Reflective Practice: Pants on Fire” from chapter “Health Policy, Politics, and Professional Ethics” and address the questions below:

How do you judge Palin’s quote? [“And who will suffer the most when they ration care? The sick, the elderly, and the disabled, of course. The America I know and love is not one in which my parents or my baby with Down Syndrome will have to stand in front of Obama’s death panel so his bureaucrats can decide, based on a subjective judgment of their level of productivity in society, whether they are worthy of health care. Such a system is downright evil.] Effective strategy to oppose Democrats’ plans for health care reform or unethical scaremongering?

Reflect on what informs your judgment: commitment to advance care planning, analysis of facts, and/or political party loyalties?

Is it right for nurses to endorse health reform legislation even if the legislation is not perfect? Does this apply to the recently failed American Health Care Act?

NSG 4068 Week 4 Discussion Example

In this week’s discussion, we are reviewing Palin’s quote and the meaning behind it. When Sarah Palin’s statement came out on her social media outlet choice of Facebook, I believe she knew this was a way to get people’s attention. She wrote this a few weeks after leaving her position as Governor. She used Facebook because of its availability to reach the masses. Historically, Republicans and Democrats are of opposing views. Palin’s comment just reiterated that fact. I believe that what she said was based on pure shock value. She achieved just that. According to an article posted on CBS News, they write “10 Health Care Reform Myths, examined whether H.R. 3200 mandates or encourages euthanasia or “death panels,” and she concluded that the bill offers a provision in which Medicare would cover patient-doctor consultations about end-of-life planning for the first time, which is different than an Obama “death panel” that would decide whether former Governor Palin’s Down Syndrome baby is “worthy of health care.” (CBS, 2009) Palin used the mandate to spin the words to make it so that the Government was for euthanasia or for restricting care for disabilities. The tactics that Palin utilized were deceitful and unnecessary. It is unethical scaremongering, and she has used these types of tactics in her campaign format.

Growing up in the Northeast, my views were consistent with the General consensus of the area, which was to be a part of the Democratic party. It wasn’t until moving to Florida that I really learned of the Republican standpoint and ideologies. Reflecting on both parties, I like certain things about each one. I have also voted against my party because I didn’t agree with the person running for office. I also understand that now, as a Nurse, my focus has also shifted to wanting the best for the people that I take care of. I try to make sure that I am caught up with news and events and how they affect us. I also think objectively and do not place myself in a biased situation. I try and look at the pros and cons and then make a decision about a particular subject. When speaking with patients and their families, I make sure to speak about topics in a way to find out more about them by engaging them in it. I know that my opinion can be seen in a different fashion because of the role that I have. My position can be viewed as someone who has a higher knowledge of the topic than someone who, let’s say, is a Plumber. I’m not saying that plumbers don’t know anything about healthcare; I am just saying how people look at us as a vital resource for healthcare type of information.

References:

Farber, D. (2009, August 08). Palin Weighs In on Health Care Reform. Retrieved June 8, 2018, from https://www.cbsnews.com/news/palin-weighs-in-on-health-care-reform/

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 5 Discussion

Nurses as Change Agents in the Community

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates' initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

In the chapter, “How Community-Based Organizations Are Addressing Nursing’s Role in Transforming Health Care,” the authors describe the community as the focus of advocacy action for change. They list a series of questions that help community teams develop organizing principles to guide their interventions, and the aim is to attack social determinants of health to make community change.

Suppose a community team identifies lack of access to exercise modalities as a public health issue. If the team were to determine that pedestrian walkways need to be constructed, discuss at least two factors that would facilitate the development of the walkways and two that would hinder the development. For the hindrances, discuss ways that the team might work to overcome those hindrances.

Continue to read daily from one of the policy briefs that are included in your weekly readings list. POLITICO Pulse is a daily briefing from POLITICO, and the Kaiser Health News Morning Briefing is a daily briefing from the Kaiser Family Foundation. Both focus on health care. Either one will keep you abreast of what is happening in health care policies and politics.

In addition, subscribe to the “HealthCetera” podcast and listen to the podcast weekly. This is a production of WBAI, free speech radio of Pacifica Foundation Radio in New York City.Diana Mason and Barbara Glickstein are founders and codirectors of the Center for Health Media Policy (CHMP). Both are recognized as experts in media, nursing, health, and health policy. They have a longstanding relationship as producers and moderators of HealthCetera, a live, award-winning radio program on public radio and iTunes. They are bloggers for Disruptive Women in Health Care and for the American Journal of Nursing (AJN). The CHMP is an interdisciplinary initiative for advancing the health of the public and healthy public policies through media, research, education, and public forums. Listen to the podcast throughout the course and think on the topics that are discussed, especially as they relate to how we advocate for issues of importance in this contemporary political environment.

NSG 4068 Week 5 Discussion Example

Community health nursing has a critical role in advancing individual and public health (Mason et al., 2016). Since the lack of exercise modalities has been identified as a public health issue, there are factors that need to facilitate the development of the walkways and promote public health.

One of the factors is ensuring that the population exercising along the roads is safe. This is because when they use the same roads used by motor vehicles along the busy streets, they can be hit easily. People need a safer environment to exercise, and besides ensuring their safety, the pedestrians’ trips will be more viable. In the US, around 4500 pedestrians are killed in traffic crashes with motor vehicles, and about 8% of those who are killed are found to be walking along the roadway ( Federal Highway Administration, 2020). The walkways should thus be separated from the travel lanes, which could help a safer exercising environment for those who fear roadway crashes and thus remain inactive. Another factor is to reduce the risk of diseases that arise when people remain inactive. Some of these include type 2 diabetes and heart disease. The construction of walkways will offer a broader area for people to conduct exercises, and thus, this can benefit pediatricians to actively promote exercise regimes.

However, the development of walkways can face some hindrances, such as the availability of finances to put this project into action. The present tax collected could be put into many other community projects, and to support the walkway projects, it could contribute to a rise in taxes ( Federal Highway Administration, 2020). To curb this hindrance, the government can assess other projects and minimize their funds to help cater to sidewalk expenses. Community health nurses can also advocate for financial support from the federal and local governments to support this project. Another hindrance is the availability of enough space to build safe sidewalks. Some areas can or cannot accommodate sidewalks, depending on their initial plan. Some areas lack enough space for safer sidewalks, and some community members may be forced to give up some portions of their land areas to allow the sidewalks to be constructed. This issue can also be resolved through the federal or local government providing spacious local parks that can serve the purpose of various exercises like walking or bike riding within an area.

References

Federal Highway Administration. (2020). Safety Benefits of Walkways, Sidewalks, and Paved Shoulders. Retrieved 03 19, 2020, from US Department of Transportation: Federal Highway Administration: https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/tools_solve/walkways_trifold/

Mason, D. J., Gardner, D. B., Outlaw, F. H., & O’Grady, E. T. (2016). Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care. Elsevier Inc.

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 1 Project

Using a Health Policy Model to Develop a Change in Policy to Improve the Public’s Health

This assignment focuses on the methods to develop a change in policy to improve the public’s health by using a health policy model.

Tasks:

Suppose you want to initiate a policy of taxing sugared sodas/pop/beverages in your community. Use the Longest’s policy cycle model to ponder the following questions:

What arguments would you use to make the case for the policy?

What argument(s) would your opponents make?

How would you go about getting buy-in for your proposed policy?

What stakeholder groups need to be involved in promoting your policy?

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 2-page Microsoft Word document (500 words).

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W1_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 2 Project

Nurse’s Role in Influencing the Legislative Process

For this week’s project, you’ll answer three questions related to your opportunity as a nurse and an advocate. The first two questions relate to influencing a bill is traveling through the legislative process. The third question refers you to the social determinants of health as described in your course textbook reading and asks you to think specifically on your role as a nurse in influencing social determinants of health.

In a brief paper (no more than 2 typed pages, 1 inch margins, 12 font Times New Roman or Courier New), answer the questions below. Write each question as a new topic area and then follow with a paragraph or two to answer the question. You may find it necessary to search for answers to the questions outside of the assigned reading. Be sure to use APA guidelines for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources.

Answer the following questions:

What parts of the lawmaking process does a nurse have an opportunity to influence the final bill passage?

List at least two ways that this influence can take place. In your opinion, would one way be preferable over the other?

Reviewing the social determinants of health, select one to respond to this question:

What role can nurses play in promoting health status through policy changes directly affecting this social determinant?

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 2-page Microsoft Word document (500 words).

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W2_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG 4068 Week 2 Project – Nurses Role in Influencing the Legislative Process Example

Opportunities For Nurses to Influence the Lawmaking Process

Nursing is one of the most trusted careers. Throughout history, nurses have played an important role in caring for their community and advocating for those in need. Nurses are often the “face” of healthcare as they spend the majority of their time doing direct patient care and impacting health outcomes. While nurses have sometimes taken a role in government and policy, there is much opportunity for leadership and involvement in creating health policy. Researchers write, “As a profession, nursing has a responsibility to be involved in health policy development to improve the health of people everywhere. However, nurses have not fully realized their potential when it comes to engaging in health policy, advocacy and leadership” (Turale & Kunaviktikul, 2019).

There are several opportunities for nurses to influence the lawmaking process. The most basic level of influencing policy-making is by being an informed constituent. Nurses can educate themselves on elected officials and their stance on healthcare policies. Nurses can use their voting power to elect those who will advocate and create policies to protect the nursing profession, their patients, and the community. Nurses can also join a professional organization like the American Nurses Association, ANA, which plays an important role in health policy creation.

Two Ways Nurses Can Influence Policy Making

The COVID-19 pandemic truly created a climate where nurses truly felt it was their duty to influence policy and call out safety issues they observed in hospitals and health systems across the United States. The first is bringing awareness of healthcare policy issues to the general public and governmental entities. Several times throughout the pandemic, nurses were observed testifying before councils and even Congress, bringing necessary attention to gaps and safety issues in patient care and lack of funding for public health issues. The second manner in which nurses can influence policymaking is actually taking an active role in creating health policy, using their skills and knowledge gained through nursing education, patient care, and advocacy. I believe that both advocacy roles are important when it comes to influencing health policy, but taking an active role in creating health policy is the most effective. As a nurse, if one has a passion for health policy and advocacy, there are many roles in which they can take an active role in creating policy.

NSG 4068 Week 2 Project – Nurses Role in Influencing the Legislative Process

Nurses and Addressing Social Determinants of Health

As nursing and health research increases the knowledge regarding social determinants of health, it has become evident that nurses should play a vital role in assessing and addressing socio-economic issues facing patients. Research shows, “Social determinants of health have not traditionally been integrated as a thread throughout most nursing education curricula, and this has prevented nurses from acquiring knowledge necessary to assess and address key drivers of health” (Thornton & Persaud, 2018). If nurses are able to connect their patients to resources to address socio-economic issues, health outcomes will improve. With access to better nutrition, transportation, and safe housing, individuals can live healthier and happier lives in their communities.

Nurses play a vital role when it comes to advocacy and addressing social determinants of health. Nursing school programs need to provide a better framework for addressing advocacy and social determinants of health in the nursing curriculum. Providing exposure to these issues and the role nurses play will allow for better assessment and involvement in influencing the legislative process.

References

Muetzel, L., Dye, M., O’brien, C., Milburn, S., & Rosselet, R. (2022). Nursing Government Affairs Advocacy Fellow: Introducing nurses to policy. Nursing2022, 52(10), 47-49.

Turale, S., & Kunaviktikul, W. (2019). The contribution of nurses to health policy and advocacy requires leaders to provide training and mentorship. International nursing review, 66(3), 302-304.

Thornton, M., & Persaud, S. (2018). Preparing today’s nurses: Social determinants of health and nursing education. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(3).

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 3 Project

First Steps on Becoming a Grassroots Lobbyist/Advocate for Health Care Policy

This assignment has two parts, numbered below. Write each question as a new topic area, then follow with a paragraph or two to answer the question. You may find it necessary to search for answers to the questions outside of the assigned reading. Be sure to use APA guidelines for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources.

Tasks:

Imagine that you are going to make a visit to your representative in Congress. Develop a one-page document that supports your position on the AHCA that you would leave with your representative or his or her aide when you make your visit. This one-pager, also called a “leave behind,” should state your position clearly in bullet points and give your reasons why your position is preferred. This “leave behind” should have 1 inch margins and utilize 14-point font throughout. If you were making this visit in person, you would present your “leave behind” to the person with whom you speak during your visit. Include a second page that describes your rationale for the position in your “leave behind” page supported by at least two journal articles.

Write a two-page brief to describe the scenario surrounding your legislative visit. Understanding the political affiliation of your representative, include answers to the following:

Was your member in support or in opposition to the AHCA?

State three points that you would cover in support or opposition to your representative's position.

How does your nursing experience influence the advocacy position that you take on the AHCA?

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 4-page Microsoft Word document.

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W3_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG 4068 Week 3 Project – First Steps on Becoming a Grassroots Lobbyist/Advocate for Health Care Policy Example

I oppose the American Health Care Act (ACHCA) for the following reasons:

I believe that the AHCA shows discrimination towards the elderly who are not able to qualify for Medicare due to their age. The elderly will have to pay more for insurance than younger adults and children due to existing health conditions (Buchmueller et al., 2016).

I believe the AHCA is unfavorable for middle and lower-class Americans due to higher premiums that are harder to afford (Buchmueller et al., 2016).

This bill will allow people with pre-existing health problems to be charged more by insurers and possibly rejected for hospital admission costs (Engel, 2018).

AHCA will affect all individuals on Medicaid by making cuts to Medicaid and leaving many without health care (Buchmueller, 2017).

Pharmaceutical and insurance companies will both thrive due to the tax breaks that would be offered, and I do not think this is fair since insurance and the cost of medications are already so

Rationales for the Leave Behind

If passed, the AHCA shows discrimination toward the elderly who are not able to qualify for Medicare, and they will have to pay more for insurance than younger adults and children due to existing health conditions (Buchmueller et al., 2016). This is not fair, in my opinion. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) allows for all people to have insurance, whereas the AHCA offers insurance to individuals, which can be hard to afford for the lower and middle class.

Another rationale for not passing the AHCA is that it would affect the elderly who have pre-existing conditions, and insurance may not cover these (Engel, 2018). Insurance could also deny paying for certain medical expenses and even hospitalizations. Insurance premiums can be increased and not affordable. I do not think it is fair for the elderly to have to pay higher premiums due to pre-existing conditions. Younger adults and children will most likely have to pay less for insurance premiums.

Since AHCA will affect all individuals on Medicaid by making cuts to Medicaid and leaving many without health care, this is another reason I oppose it (Buchmueller et al., 2016). Medicaid funding could be affected tremendously, and this would impact the people who receive Medicaid. The elderly, low-income, dependents, and some pregnant women rely on Medicaid. If the funding for Medicaid is reduced, many could be left without insurance and a form to cover medical expenses (Buchmueller et al., 2016).

If the AHCA were passed, both pharmaceutical and insurance companies would thrive due to the tax breaks that would be offered. Insurance and the cost of medications both can be increased, affecting many Americans (Engel, 2018). The cost of prescriptions and insurance premiums, in general, are already high, and many cannot comfortably afford these. Many people do without the medications that they need due to the fact that they cannot afford them.

NSG 4068 Week 3 Project – First Steps on Becoming a Grassroots Lobbyist/Advocate for Health Care Policy

Brief with my Legislative Visit

During my legislative visit, I found that my legislative representative also opposed the AHCA. He has many reasons for voting against the AHCA. With the AHCA, there would have been up to 51 million people without insurance by the year 2026, which would be an increase from 28 million under the ACA (Norris, 2020). The elderly would most definitely be affected, as well as the lower income class. People with pre-existing conditions would be affected. This would include the elderly, disabled, and others with any pre-existing conditions (Engel, 2018). My legislative representative did not think this would be ethical or fair at all.

I found that my legislative representative also opposed the AHCA because insurance premiums and the cost of medical expenses would increase for many. Since ACA provided insurance for more Americans than ever in the United States, it was agreed that this was a big change for the people to have access to insurance. ACA was started in March 2010 and required everyone to have health coverage, or a penalty would be faced with income tax surcharges. This penalty was recently eliminated in 2019 by the Tax Cut and Jobs Act (Buchmueller et al., 2016). Since this was eliminated, my legislative representative felt that this was another reason that ACA was a better choice.

Medicaid is a primary source of healthcare for many Americans. I would be sure to speak with my legislative representative about this as I think it is very important. The AHCA would eliminate health care from many Americans by making cuts within the Medicaid program (Buchmueller et al., 2016). My legislative representative agrees that Medicaid cuts would definitely hurt many Americans. He doesn’t support the reduction of Medicaid funding. My legislative representative makes it aware that he believes in the use of Medicaid for the people who really need it, and it should not be taken for granted. With that being said, decreasing funds and other sources of cuts to Medicaid would affect many people’s healthcare in various ways.

Another concern I would speak with my legislative representative about is the fact that the pharmaceutical and insurance companies could profit if the AHCA went into effect. My legislative representative agrees that this is in fact, an issue that would have to be faced with the AHCA, and he opposes this as well. Many pharmaceutical companies and insurance companies have already increased costs that affect many Americans. Many Americans cannot afford their medications or their insurance premiums comfortably (Engel, 2018). This issue would become worse if the AHCA proposal was effective. The only ones that would benefit here would be the pharmaceutical companies and insurance companies. This would not be fair to the people who cannot afford these and to the elder who live on a fixed income. It would also cause a burden for single parents with children, children, and people with disabilities.

Last but not least, my legislative representative looked at various pros and cons of the AHCA. My legislature representative and I agree that there are more cons than pros for the American people. I can say that my legislative and I are glad that even though this bill passed in the House in 2017, it went no further once it reached the Senate (Norris, 2020). Health insurance and health reform will always be a topic in America that has its pros and cons. It is to our advantage to do what we think is best for all the American people who will be affected and not just a certain majority. My legislative representative agrees that with the AHCA, there are far too many cons. The prediction of the AHCA would have resulted in approximately 24 million additional Americans left uninsured by the year 2024 (Norris, 2020). After speaking to my legislative representative, I am pleased to see that he opposed the AHCA.

NSG 4068 Week 3 Project – First Steps on Becoming a Grassroots Lobbyist/Advocate for Health Care Policy

How Nursing Experience Influences Advocacy

In nursing, there are many underserved communities and patients. It is something that is seen every day, and though it is a sad situation, it’s the truth. I think that my nursing experience plays a great role in my advocacy to oppose the AHCA. I have witnessed patients face many challenges where they are not able to afford medications or don’t have transportation to see a doctor when needed. The elderly populations are living longer with more chronic conditions, and I think if the AHCA was passed, it would cause more burdens and hardships for them as well.

From a nurse’s perspective, I have to agree that it was best that the AHCA did not get passed and go into effect. As my legislative representative opposed the AHCA, I agree with this. America is supposed to do what is right for the people, and I think this was the right decision.

The American Nurses Association (ANA) is also in agreement that opposing this bill was the right choice. While nurses can only do so much for the patients, I think that being an advocate is very important. I also think that we should do what is best for the patients and their health care. I think that many Americans do not get the health care they deserve, and this is not fair. I also think that pharmaceutical and insurance companies are persistently getting rich from these people.

I think most would agree that the AHCA had more cons than pros when looking at everything. It would have resulted in leaving many uninsured and not getting the health care they need. People with pre-existing conditions would be affected tremendously. This is a key reason that advocates say they chose to support and strengthen the ACA instead (Norris, 2020). When you look at the whole picture of what the AHCA would have resulted in, you can clearly see it was the right choice.

References

Buchmueller, T., Levinson, Z., Levy, H., and Wolfe, B. (2016). Effect of the Affordable Care Act on racial and ethnic disparities in health insurance coverage. American Journal of Public Health, 106(8), pp. 1416-1421. Doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303155

Engel, J. (2018). Unaffordable: American healthcare from Johnson to Trump. University of Wisconsin Press. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324992119_Unaffordable_American_Healthcar e_from_Johnson_to_Trump/citation/download

Norris, L. (2020). The American Health Care Act: A Blueprint for GOP Health Reform. Retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-ahca-has-passed-the-house-now- what-4138613

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 4 Project

Reaching out a Solution

This assignment is designed to assist you in developing a thoughtful process for advocating about an issue as a nurse, from identifying a problem that needs to be solved through articulating a process for doing so.

This assignment consists of answering each of the questions listed below from the “Political Analysis and Strategies” chapter of your course textbook. Write each question as a new topic area; then follow with a paragraph or two to answer the question. Be sure to use APA guidelines for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources, if any used. This project should be no longer than 4 pages.

Let us assume that you are a school nurse in a high school. At a recent school athletic event, a spectator suffered a cardiac arrest in the stands. A coach of the home team went into the high school to fetch the automatic emergency defibrillator (AED) only to find out that it was not readily available. In the meantime, an emergency squad arrived and resuscitated the spectator. On Monday morning, you learn of the absence of the AED only to find out that it had been locked in the custodian’s closet. Reflect on the following questions outlined in the “Political Analysis and Strategies” chapter:

What is the issue?

Is it my issue, and can I solve it?

Is this the real issue or merely a symptom of a larger one?

Does it need an immediate solution, or can it wait?

Is it likely to go away by itself?

Can I risk ignoring it?

What are the possible solutions? Are there risks to these solutions?

What steps would you need to take in order to solve the issue?

Does anyone else at the school need to be involved in the solution?

Where is the power leverage in the school to reach the preferred solution?

Reaching a solution requires the use of power vested in the nurse. Review Box 9-1 (Sources of Power) and determine which type(s) of power the school nurse has in this situation. State your reasons for your answer.

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 4-page Microsoft Word document.

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W4_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG 4068 Week 4 Project – Reaching Out a Solution Example

Political analysis is an essential part of the nursing profession. It involves the systematic attempt to comprehend, examine, assess as well and elaborate any form of political phenomena by breaking it down into theoretical parts to understand the relationship between its linked variables (Manson et al., 2016). Political analysis starts with identifying and describing the problem and then executing approaches to achieve the best solution or change. Finding the solution entails the application of different sources of power to drive an issue through the lawmaking process. That being said, this project is meant to answer each of the questions stated below as regards the political analysis case scenario.

What is the issue?

The issue is about the automatic emergency defibrillator (AED), which was inaccessible to a spectator who had a sudden cardiac arrest. Such restriction was inappropriate because AEDs should be accessible to everyone for emergency purposes, especially in public places, malls, schools, sports stadiums, airports, and office buildings. It should be noted that most individuals who experience sudden cardiac arrest do not survive; however, the accessibility and use of an AED can save lives. Within the first few minutes after the cardiac arrest occurs, an AED can be used to check the heart rate of the victim and subsequently alert the user if there is a need of electric shock to aid the victim in recovering his or her normal heartbeat (Murugiah et al., 2014). In this case, inaccessibility of AED would result in detrimental effects and even death.

Is it my issue, and can I solve it?

It is the responsibility of a school nurse to offer preventative services, complete assessments, administer immunizations, provide health education, develop school health policies, establish interventions for diseases and injuries, create emergency care plans for students, and report infectious diseases (Todaro et al., 2018). Thus, to enhance school health and offer suitable interventions, it is essential for the nurse to take part in identifying a proper solution to the issue presented in this case scenario. As illustrated, the AED is already available but not accessible to the users. The school nurse can solve this issue by deciding an appropriate location for the device to enable everyone to access it.

Is this the real issue or merely a symptom of a larger one?

The issue is real because the life of someone is at stake and needs considerable attention to prevent it from escalating.

Does it need an immediate solution, or can it wait?

The issue needs a prompt solution because it can lead to death if it is not addressed. Research has demonstrated that over 300,000 victims experience cardiac arrest per year in the United States (Murugiah et al., 2014). Almost 90 percent of these cases are fatal. It is, therefore, essential to provide a rapid solution to anyone experiencing cardiac arrest.

NSG 4068 Week 4 Project – Reaching Out a Solution

Is it likely to go away by itself?

Without an instant intervention, the possibility of surviving is very low, and the issue may occur again, worse than before, resulting in death. It is worth mentioning that sudden cardiac arrest is unpredictable; it can occur anywhere, anytime, at any person, and without any notification. Time is of the essence when such an issue happens, and using AED would highly enable the victim to survive (Murugiah et al., 2014). For this case, it is advisable to find a solution as early as possible to promote the health of the victim and ensure a safe society at large.

Can I risk ignoring it?

We are dealing with a very critical issue that should not be ignored. By disregarding this matter, there could be detrimental consequences to the school, students, and visitors if it were to occur again. A solution should be sought to prevent its recurrence as well as its related effects.

What are the possible solutions? Are there risks to these solutions?

The possible solutions to address this issue include putting the AED at a reachable point in the school environment, educating everyone in the school about the importance of using the device, and generating awareness about life-saving efforts during emergencies. The only distinguishable vulnerability within these resolutions is the theft of AED when it is put in an accessible place. Nonetheless, the school has a watch guard, and it can also keep the device in an enclosed place when not in use; hence, the risk is very low. The device should not be locked up to avoid the occurrence of such a scenario and its devastating repercussions. All the personnel in the school should be allowed to access the AED; however, this solution requires more time to implement and could not bear any benefit.

What steps would you need to take in order to solve the issue?

All AEDs generate clear voice reminders, and most have readable and visual instructions; thus, any person can use them, irrespective of their medical knowledge or experience (Murugiah et al., 2014). Using this device is one of the most straightforward tasks to master. Nevertheless, since the AED cannot be accessed in this case, it would be essential first to elucidate the issue and explain why it is a problem as well as the need to solve it immediately. Then, as a school nurse, there will be a need to recognize possible obstructions or the relevant stakeholders who can help to resolve this issue. With the least time possible, I would use my power sources to describe the solution and the resources needed to solve this issue.

Does anyone else at the school need to be involved in the solution?

Due to the urgency of the issue at hand, only a few stakeholders should be involved. These include the principal, faculty, students, the school board, and parents. By allowing these stakeholders to take part, it will be easy to find the appropriate solution and ensure that all parties are satisfied. In fact, involving the stakeholders will enable the implementation of the solution as soon as possible and would allow society to come up with effective measures for addressing emergencies (Patton et al., 2015).

NSG 4068 Week 4 Project – Reaching Out a Solution

Where is the power leverage in the school to reach the preferred solution?

Manson et al. (2016) emphasize that integrating diverse power sources facilitates the overall determination of reaching a solution. In this case scenario, the school principal and the staff would demonstrate legitimate power due to their respective positions in the school. The school nurse, however, has expert and information power as he can offer medical understanding and use his nursing skills to resolve this matter. The school nurse may also use persuasion power to convince the stakeholders why it is important to solve the issue.

Conclusively, there is no doubt that the issue will be resolved through the collaboration of all stakeholders. Through the school nurse’s abilities, medical understanding, and power sources, it would be achievable to establish new policies in the school. From the scenario, we can deduce that nurses have a vital role in ensuring that the laws enacted in their institutions or government lead to a better quality of patient care and enhanced patient outcomes.

References

Manson, J. D, Gardner, B. D, Hopkins, F & O’Grady, T. E. (2016). Policy & politics in nursing and health care. Seventh Edition, Elsevier Inc.

Murugiah, K., Chen, S., Dharmarajan, K., Nuti, S., Wayda, B., & Shojaee, A. et al. (2014). Most Important Outcomes Research Papers on Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 7(2), 335-345. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.114.000957

Patton, R. M., Zalon, M. L., Ludwick, R., & American Nurses Association. (2015). Nurses making policy: From bedside to boardroom. New York: American Nurses Association: Springer Publishing Company.

Todaro, B., Nikander, J., Powden, C., & Eberman, L. (2018). Understanding the role of secondary school nurses and their collaboration with athletic trainers. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 10(6), 30-36. doi: 10.1016/j.xjep.2017.11.001

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 5 Project

The Nurse as Advocate

Whether nurses are advocating for their patients, health care, and/or policies that improve people’s lives, the advocacy processes have commonalities that transcend the subject of their advocacy. There are also differences, although these differences may be more nuanced than obvious.

Tasks:

Write a 5-page brief to answer the following questions. Be sure to use APA guidelines for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources.

Read the following chapters from your course textbook:

Taking Action: Nurse, Educator, and Legislator: My Journey to the Delaware Senate

Taking Action: A Nurse in the Board Room

Answer the below questions:

Describe what you believe to be the drivers for each of the individuals? What factors led them to become advocates?

Discuss the challenges that each of them identified in their writings.

Analyze these drivers and challenges and compare them with your own experience to date as an advocate. In what ways do you believe that you can expand your advocacy skills within the next five years?

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 5-page Microsoft Word document.

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W5_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG 4068 Week 5 Project – The Nurse as Advocate Example

The nursing role has continued to evolve over the years, and the scope of practice has also expanded over time. Primary care has continued to be offered in a manner that is effective and that minimizes health inequalities in the community. Registered nurses now have an opportunity to offer their services in more advanced and autonomous roles. The healthcare setting has continued to demand more advanced practice nurses, and this has been informed by the collaborative and integrative initiatives being championed aimed at offering quality and effective care to patients. In the US healthcare industry, there are about 3 million registered nurses. Unlike doctors who usually specialize in one area, nurses coordinate the care of all aspects of a patient’s overall health.

Advanced Nursing Practice (ANP) and Advanced Practice Nurse (APN).

Advanced Nurse Practitioners are highly experienced and educated members of the care team whose responsibilities include examining, assessing, diagnosing, treating, and prescribing medications to patients’ healthcare needs or referring the patient to an appropriate specialist if needed. Advanced practice nurses, on the other hand, are the most highly trained of all the registered nurses. They hold either a master’s degree or a doctorate in nursing. APNs usually perform roles that were previously reserved for doctors. They can, therefore, diagnose, order, and interpret lab tests, give anesthesia, and prescribe medications to patients. APNs comprise several specialist fields. To become an APN, students must ensure that they obtain an advanced degree from a certified nursing program. The next step involves passing the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses. For APNs, there are four areas of specialization, which include Nurse Practitioner (NP), Certified Nurse Anesthetist (CNM), Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS), and Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM) (Brykczynski, 2018). Although each APN performs their specific roles, their duties tend to overlap in some areas.

Family nurse practitioner (FNP)

All over the world, nurses have gained more autonomy over the period, and the roles they practice have gradually branched out to various types of specialties. Family nurse practitioners (FNPs) are one of the specialized roles. The advanced role that I am aspiring to practice is family nurse practitioner. In my role, I will be playing a crucial role in serving both individuals and families for longer periods of time. I believe this is a great role and a great specialization opportunity, as it will give me an opportunity to continue developing long-term relationships with my patients. FNPs usually collaborate with the rest of the healthcare providers in order to provide family-focused care. Some of the healthcare services provided by the FNPs include direct care, disease promotion counseling services, and health promotion (Schober, 2018).

As an FNP, it is possible for one to serve as an administrator and a policymaker. This choice of me practicing as a family nurse practitioner is inspired by the compassion I have for my community to achieve better health standards status. This role will accord me the opportunity to handle the chronic health problems and complex health challenges that my people are going through, such as diabetes and cardiac health issues. Most of these health issues are associated with lifestyles, and hence, they can be prevented if proper patient education and prevention measures are provided to the population. It is important to note that working with a population for longer improves the impact and helps in modifying health behaviors and patterns.

NSG 4068 Week 5 Project – The Nurse as Advocate

Personal Nursing Philosophy

The personal philosophy of nursing care is founded on the individual patient. In the current healthcare setting, individuals need to be at the center of the care planning process. This makes them actively involved in their own care. As an FNP, I will ensure that my patients’ wishes and preferences needs are met, and any healthcare packages are never made without involving them directly. As an FNP, I would need to practice holistic healthcare, which basically means focusing on the whole individual and not just their physical health but also their social, intellectual, sexual, spiritual, mental, and emotional health needs and preferences. As an FNP, I will need to improve my personal competencies, such as effective communication, interpersonal skills, and teamwork, as this will help me facilitate my philosophy of better healthcare for all (Schober, 2018). I have a great concern and empathy towards my patients, and this will be my biggest drive towards providing quality healthcare and ensuring my patients receive the best medical attention required for them to fully recover and better manage their conditions.

Regulatory and Legal Requirements

To practice in the state of New Jersey, one has to have the relevant education certifications from recognized nursing programs. After completing nurse practitioner education, one needs to obtain national board certification from either of the two boards that offer nurse practitioner credentials in the US, and they include the American Nurses Credentialing Center and the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. Each of the applicants for certification, however, must submit proof of a current New Jersey registered professional nurse license in good standing, a complete application form, original official transcripts, and proof of passing the highest level of the national Advanced Practice Nurse Examination in FNP (Njconsumeraffairs.gov, 2022). After this step, one has to get certification from the New Jersey Board of Nursing, and then a license is offered to practice as a Family Nurse Practitioner.

Transformational Leadership

According to Gabel (2013), the current healthcare metamorphic nature in the United States is imperative for managers to employ transformational nurse leaders as this encourages adaptation to change. The transformation leadership style allows recognition of areas that require change. Transformational leaders inspire followers by creating a sense of commitment. Adopting the qualities displayed by transformational leaders’ nurse managers have great confidence in engaging in developmental healthcare policies, continued technological advancement, and nurses’ mentorship. Some of the roles that transformational leaders have in a healthcare setting include promoting teamwork among staff, promoting self-esteem, working towards motivating staff to function at a high level of performance, and empowering nursing staff to become involved in the development and implementation of policy procedures. As demonstrated by Gabel (2013), as a transformational leader, being trustworthy greatly inspires others and helps them process an optimistic, positive, and encouraging outlook. Transformational leaders usually possess self-confidence, self-direction, and the absence of internal conflict.

As an APN, I will apply the transformational leadership style as it will give me an opportunity to motivate my colleagues and find the most effective ways of achieving the set goals. This style is excellent in conflict resolution mechanisms, and therefore, I will be able to solve work-related conflicts and find a lasting solution without necessarily creating divisions among the employees. The transformational leadership style will help me to better mobilize my colleagues to work as a team in order to achieve all the set goals and to achieve this, I will be an example.

Policy and Trends

There are significant changes being experienced in the nursing field. The current trends in the field are aimed at improving healthcare delivery and enhancing patients’ outcomes. The trends are in technological use, and they have facilitated the mobility of nursing equipment as well as facilitating increased self-care among nurses for them to become more effective. New technological advancements are entering the market every now and then, and this has helped in minimizing administration time, improving accuracy as well and improving patient experience and satisfaction. Nowadays, nurses are supposed to understand comoute technology like using laptop carts inorder to document and obtain patient information and look up treatment options when necessary (Sensmeier, 2018). Likewise, intuitive workstations on wheels have become popular in the recent past. This has given nurses an easy time when gathering patient data. It is imperative to note that the seamless gathering of patient data creates a better workflow for nurses. The level of care received by patients improves when nurses spend less time trying to track information about patients. This trend of having a hospital cart that can move with them is here to stay, especially through the COVID-19 pandemic.

NSG 4068 Week 5 Project – The Nurse as Advocate

Conclusion

The healthcare setting has continued to demand more advanced practice nurses, and this has been informed by the collaborative and integrative initiatives being championed aimed at offering quality and effective care to patients. All over the world, nurses have gained more autonomy over the period, and the roles they practice have gradually branched out to various types of specialties. Family nurse practitioners (FNPs) are one of the specialized roles that deal with family health. As a FNP, having effective leadership skills is very important as I engage with my patients. One style that plays out well in my role as an FNP is the transformational leadership style, as it will give me an opportunity to motivate my colleagues and find the most effective ways of achieving the set goals and objectives. This style is excellent in conflict resolution mechanisms, and therefore, I will be able to solve work-related conflicts and be unable to find a lasting solution without necessarily creating divisions among the employees.

References

Sensmeier, J. (2018). Transforming nursing practice through technology and informatics. The Journal of Excellence in Nursing Leadership, 42(11), 20-23.

Gabel, S. (2013). Transformational leadership and healthcare. Medical Science Educator, 23(1), 55-60.

Woo, B. F. Y., Lee, J. X. Y., & San Tam, W. W. (2018). The impact of the advanced practice nursing role on quality of care, clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, and cost in the emergency and critical care settings: a systematic review. Human resources for health, 15(1), 1-22.

MacLellan, L., Levett‐Jones, T., & Higgins, I. (2017). Nurse practitioner role transition: A concept analysis. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 27(7), 389-397.

Brykczynski, K. A. (2018). Role development of the advanced practice nurse. Advanced Practice Nursing: An Integrative Approach. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders, 109-139.

Schober, M. (2018). Global emergence of nurse practitioner/advanced practice nursing roles. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 30(4), 182-184.

Njconsumeraffairs.gov. (2022). New Jersey of Consumer Affairs https://www.njconsumeraffairs.gov/nur/Pages/APN-Certification.aspx.

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NSG4055: Illness and Disease Management Across the Life Span Course Assignments & Discussions Study Guide

NSG4055: Illness and Disease Management Across the Life Span Course Description

Credits 4.0

This course focuses on current collaborative management of the most problematic national health topics and indicators across the lifespan. The government website Healthy People will serve as the course foundation.

Prerequisites

BSN Students NSG3036; RN to Master of Science in Nursing and RN to Bachelor of Science in Nursing Students: None

Corequisites

None

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NSG4055: Illness and Disease Management Across the Life Span Course Syllabus & Assignments Summary

NSG 4055 Week 1 Discussion

NSG 4055 Week 1 Project – Identifying a Group

NSG 4055 Week 2 Discussion

NSG 4055 Week 2 Project – The Impact of Chronic Illness

NSG 4055 Week 3 Discussion

NSG 4055 Week 3 Project – Illness and Disease Management

NSG 4055 Week 4 Discussion

NSG 4055 Week 4 Project – Locating Resources

NSG 4055 Week 5 Discussion

NSG 4055 Week 5 Project – Creating a Plan of Care

You can also read another study guide on nursing assignments for students from another post on NSG4067: Gerontological Nursing Course Assignments & Discussions.

NSG4055: Illness and Disease Management Across the Life Span All Course Syllabus & Assignments Summary

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 1 Discussion

Topic 1

Based on the research, which factor social isolation or stigma have the greatest impact on a patient living with chronic illness? Why?

Contrast at least two ways these factors would affect a 12-year-old with the way they would affect a 75-year-old.

Topic 2

Consider a 12-year-old and 75-year-old have one of the following illnesses:

COPD

Asthma

Heart Failure

Cancer

Describe the chronic illness trajectory for the selected illness based on the patient’s age.

How does the chronically ill patient’s illness trajectory influence the plan of care?

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 2 Discussion

Click here to read the following article from the South University Online Library on the impact of disease on family members:

Golics, C. J., Basra, M. K. A., Finlay, A. Y., & Salek, S. (2013). The impact of disease on family members: A critical aspect of medical care. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 106(10), 399–407.

After reviewing the article, respond to the following questions.

Which factor do you feel has the most impact on family members?

Support your response with examples from readings.

What are some of the reasons it is important to include the support persons in the plan of care?

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 3 Discussion

Topic 1

Review Healthy People 2030 Global Health Initiatives.

Choose one disease process and discuss the disease process.

Discuss the goals for this disease presented in Healthy People 2030.

How does the CDC play a role in meeting the goals?

Topic 2

Search the South University Online Library for information about caregiver role strain.

What is the most important factor that causes caregiver role strain?

How do you assess for caregiver strain?

What can be done to prevent or decrease caregiver role strain?

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 4 Discussion

Topic 1

Review the Healthy People 2030 objectives for the older adult.

Of the objectives listed for the older adult, which two do you feel are most important. Include examples and references to support your response.

Topic 2

There are several vulnerable populations who are susceptible to chronic illnesses (older; homeless; and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations) and who face challenges when it comes to care.

Choose one vulnerable population and identify chronic illnesses to which they might be susceptible.

Identify challenges they face related to one of the identified chronic illnesses.

Discuss what can be done to help alleviate these challenges.

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 5 Discussion

Topic 1

Review the Healthy People 2030 objectives for Access to Care.

Of all the objectives listed under this topic, which do you think would be most beneficial to the patients with chronic illness?

Provide rationales for your selection and support responses with examples from references.

Topic 2

Discuss how you feel nurses can positively impact the Healthy People 2030 goals.

Support your response with examples from Healthy People 2030, textbook lectures, and the library.

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 1 Project

Introduction

While treating the chronically ill, a major challenge is developing a plan of care that addresses the specific needs of a patient and a caregiver. You need to be in close touch with patients and their support group, family and peers, to come up with an ideal plan.

In this course project, you are going to develop a plan of care for a chronic illness group of your choice using the Healthy People 2030 topics. While executing the tasks of this project, remember that while you need to give a general overview of the biomedical considerations of the case, the focus should always be on the psychosocial elements. Your perspective in this care plan should be the patient’s goals rather than those of the medical team.

Each week, you will complete a part of this project, submitting the final project in Week 5.

Identifying a Group

Identify a chronic illness of specific interest to you that is also identified as a Healthy People 2030 topic (https://health.gov/healthypeople). In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, address the following criteria:

Identify a chronic illness and rationale for choice.

Develop a questionnaire by utilizing your knowledge of health and illness, with the aim of acquiring all information you need from patients to prepare a plan of care for the specific illness group.

Discuss morbidity and comorbidity of the disease.

Discuss the impact of the chronic illness and patient morbidity on overall health of the nation.

Incorporate Healthy People 2030 goals and objectives for the specific illness group.

Support your responses with examples and information from library resources, textbook and lectures.

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 2 Project

The Impact of Chronic Illness

In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, describe the information collected about a person with a chronic illness. Please note that the title and reference pages should not be included in the total page count of your paper.

Identify one person from the illness group you chose in Week 1 to interview. The person should not be a patient at the facility in which you work. You can use friends, family members, or coworkers. Do not use the person’s name in the paper, only initials.

Administer the questionnaire you created in Week 1 to that person and address the following:

Compile the data and analyze the responses to better illustrate where this person, his or her family, and friends are in relation to accepting the diagnosis in relation to the standard health or illness definitions.

The analysis should also include coping skills, treatment, and support aspects of the illness.

Explain how this information will direct care plan development for the chosen illness group.

Include a copy of the interview you created with the responses from the person interviewed in an Appendix.

Support your responses with examples and information from library resources, textbook and lectures.

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 3 Project

In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, describe the information collected about a person with a chronic illness. Please note that the title and reference pages should not be included in the total page count of your paper.

Using the information from the interview you conducted in Week 2:

List the support needs of your participant beginning with the highest priority and then in descending order.

Provide examples of appropriate interventions of the professional caregiver, for example, the nurse.

Discuss how to implement objectives of Healthy People 2030 to increase wellness.

Discuss nursing’s role as an advocate for participant acceptance of diagnosis and treatment.

Discuss the impact of the environment on patient’s health.

Include social determinants that impact care.

Support your responses with examples and information from library resources, textbook and lectures.

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 4 Project

Locating Resources

Study the resources in your community related to the illness group chosen in Week 1. In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, describe the resources, including the following information:

Identify and discuss a minimum of three community or national resources for your illness group preferably in your community.

Include in your response all the information the patient should know about the services.

Benefits

Specific services they offer.

Fee schedules, if and when appropriate.

Criteria for eligibility.

Application process.

Availability of transportation.

Discuss integration of these resources into a plan of care.

Discuss potential advantages and disadvantages for vulnerable populations in seeking these resources.

Support your responses with examples and information from library resources, textbook and lectures.

NSG4055 Illness & Disease Management Across life Span Week 5 Project

Creating a Plan of Care

Utilizing the information you have gathered over the last four weeks regarding the specific illness group you identified, this week, you will create a plan of care for your chronic illness group.

In a Microsoft Word document of 5-6 pages formatted in APA style, (this page requirement includes the holistic care plan). Include the following in your plan:

Provide a brief introduction describing the chronically ill group you selected and rationale for selecting this illness and the participants.

Clearly identify the Healthy People 2030 topic chosen and why this topic was selected.

Develop a holistic plan of care including patient, family and friends acceptance of the diagnosis, coping and impact on plan of care.

Summarize the information gathered in each week (Weeks 1–4) over 2 to 3 pages. This is should not to be copied and pasted from previous assignments.

Create a care plan for your chronic illness group organized using the following headings:

Nursing Diagnoses (at least 3 related to topic and interview results)

Assessment Data (objective and subjective)

Interview Results

Desired Outcomes

Evaluation Criteria

Actions and Interventions

Evaluation of Patient Outcomes

Identify strategies for the family or caregiver in the care plan and provide your rationale on how they will work.

Support your responses with examples and information from library resources, textbook and lectures.

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NSG4028: Concepts of Teaching and Learning Course Assignments & Discussions Study Guide

NSG4028: Concepts of Teaching and Learning Course Description

Credits 4.0

This course gives the registered nurse the opportunity to enhance his/her patient teaching skills and develop skills for staff education. Principles of learning, teaching strategies, communication and preparation of continuing education programs will be included. Considerations for teaching and learning with a diverse population will be explored.

Prerequisites

None

Corequisites

None

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NSG4028: Concepts of Teaching and Learning Course Syllabus & Assignments Summary

NSG 4028 Week 1 Discussion sample paper

NSG 4028 Week 2 Discussion sample paper

NSG 4028 Week 2 Project – Course Project – Part 1 – Introduction sample paper

NSG 4028 Week 3 Discussion sample paper

NSG 4028 Week 4 Discussion sample paper

NSG 4028 Week 4 Project – Course Project – Part 2 – Instructional Unit sample paper

NSG 4028 Week 5 Discussion sample paper

You can also read another study guide on nursing assignments for students from another post on NSG4029: Leadership in a Diverse Society Course Assignments & Discussions.

NSG 4028 Week 1 Assignment 3 Project identification of Learners

• Contained the title of the lesson and identified the learner[s].
• Described the learner[s] and educational setting.
• Included learner assessment.
• Supported answers with relevant examples and journal articles.

NSG 4028 Week 2 Assignment 2 Providing a Rationale for the Lesson

• Provided a purpose for selecting the lesson(s) and included all learners identified in Week 1.
• Provided the rationale for selecting the lesson(s) and included all learners identified in Week 1.
• Described the philosophical or theoretical basis for teaching approaches used in the lesson.
• Supported answers with relevant examples and journal articles.

NSG 4028 Week 3 Assignment 2 Goals and Objectives New

• Listed several broad instructional goals for the educational experience and included all learners identified in Week 1.
• Listed learning objectives that addressed the cognitive capabilities of the learner and included all learners identified in Week 1.
• Listed learning objectives that addressed the affective capabilities of the learner and included all learners identified in Week 1.
• Listed learning objectives that addressed the psychomotor capabilities of the learner and included all learners identified in Week 1.

NSG 4028 Week 4 Assignment 2 Instructional Methods and Evaluation of Learning

• Provided an appropriate description of the lesson content.
• Provided a sequence for teaching activities and time allotted for each activity.
• Described the instructional strategies.
• Identified and described the instructional resources and technology.
• Provided an evaluation methodology.

NSG 4028 Week 5 Assignment 2 Lesson Plan Presentation

Develop a PowerPoint show with 25 or less slides consisting of the following information noted in the Grading Criteria. A title and reference slide is required. The title slide must include the title of the unit, your name, course number, and date. Cite all sources using APA Style Writing.

Week 4 Discussion: NSG 4028 Patient Education Material Discussion

Topic 1:

• Create a pamphlet to be used as patient education material on a topic of your choice that is relevant to your nursing practice.
• Evaluate the readability of the pamphlet using two different readability tests: the Fog Index and the SMOG formula.
• Describe and compare the results of these tests.

OR

Topic 2:

• Identify an experience in which you assessed the needs, interests, and goals of a patient from an ethnic background different from your own.
• Discuss how this interaction led to a positive learning experience.
• Reflect on whether you encountered or dealt with any stereotypical beliefs during the process.

NSG 4028: Patient Education Material Discussion Overview

Due to the increasing demand for high-quality patient education materials, AFP has ventured into publishing patient information handouts. However, developing educational materials for patients differs greatly from writing for healthcare professionals. Initially, we assumed that most patients could read at a high-school level. Literacy studies, however, reveal that most Americans read at a fifth- to eighth-grade level.

With this understanding, we now aim to target educational materials at this reading level. Simplifying complex medical subjects into easy-to-understand language is a challenging task. Most of AFP’s patient information handouts are written by physician authors to complement their clinical review articles. While these experts understand the importance of writing at an appropriate reading level, there is often an overestimation of average reading ability. Editing these materials for clarity requires collaboration between staff editors, patient information specialists, and authors.

Here are a few tips for writing effective patient education materials that we’ve learned over the years:

1. Focus on a few key points.
2. Write as if you’re speaking directly to a patient.
3. Keep words, sentences, and paragraphs short.
   • Use fewer than 15 words per sentence.
   • Use one- or two-syllable words.
   • Focus each sentence on a single idea.
4. Use simple punctuation. Avoid colons and semicolons.

How well do AFP’s patient information handouts meet patient needs? Check the handouts in this issue on pages 2148, 2169, 2189, and 2207. We welcome your feedback and any additional tips you might have for authors creating patient education materials.

Week 4 Project Assignment: Goals, Objectives, and Teaching Plans (NSG 4028)

Course Project—Part 2: Instructional Unit

This week, you will submit your instructional unit, which should include three lesson plans:

• One focused on patient education
• One on family education
• One on staff development

These lesson plans should:

• Demonstrate a logical approach to teaching
• Clearly communicate what is to be taught and how
• Outline how objectives are to be evaluated

Reminder: Click here for a refresher on what each final lesson plan should include.

Instructions:

Building on the work you started in Week 2, for each of the three groups of learners (patients, families, and staff), you need to:

1. Write broad instructional goals for the educational experience.
2. Write behavioral objectives based on Bloom’s taxonomy.
3. Describe the lesson content for each group.
4. Provide a sequence for teaching activities.
5. Describe instructional methods to be used.
6. Indicate the time allotted for each activity.
7. Identify and describe instructional resources (materials, tools, technology, etc.) to be used.
8. Describe how learning will be evaluated for each group.

APA Formatting and Citation:

• On a separate references page, cite all sources using APA format.
• Use the APA Citation Helper for a convenient reference on proper citation.
• Follow the APA style guidelines provided in the formatting handout.
• You may create your essay using the APA-formatted template provided.

Submission Details:

• Submit your response as a 6- to 7-page paper to the Submissions Area by the assigned due date.
• Ensure you use appropriate APA formatting throughout the paper.

Goals vs. Objectives:

• Once a teacher determines the content to be taught, they can develop specific goals for the course.
• These goals can then be translated into objectives.
• The difference between a goal and an objective is that a goal provides a general direction, whereas an objective is measurable.
• Objectives help assess students’ progress and define the scope of the goal.
• When the teacher sees that the class has mastered the material, they can confidently move on to other teaching points.

Week 4 Course Project—Part 2

Instructional Unit: Goals, Objectives, and the Teaching Plans

In a Microsoft Word document of 6-7 pages formatted in APA style, submit your instructional unit, which should include three lesson plans: one focused on patient education, one on family education, and one on staff development. Remember, your plans should demonstrate a logical approach to teaching, communicate what is to be taught and how, and outline how objectives are to be evaluated. Click here for a refresher on what each final lesson should include.

Building on the work that you started in Week 2, for all three groups of learners:

• Write two broad instructional goals for the educational experience for each group.
• For each learner group, write at least one learning objective related to each of the domains of Bloom’s taxonomy:
  • Cognitive
  • Affective
  • Psychomotor
• Describe the lesson content.
• Provide a sequence for teaching activities.
• Describe instructional methods.
• Indicate time allotted for each activity.
• Identify and describe the instructional resources (materials, tools, etc.) and technology to be used.
• Describe how the learning will be evaluated.

On a separate references page, cite all sources using APA format. Helpful APA guides and resources are available in the South University Online Library. Below are guides that are located in the library and can be accessed and downloaded via the South University Online Citation Resources: APA Style page. The American Psychological Association website also provides detailed guidance on formatting, citations, and references at APA Style.

• APA Citation Helper
  • APA Citations Quick Sheet
  • APA-Style Formatting Guidelines for a Written Essay
  • Basic Essay Template

Please note that the title and reference pages should not be included in the total page count of your paper.

Submission Details:

• Name your document SU_NSG4028_W4_Project_LastName_ FirstInitial.doc.
• Submit your response to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

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