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NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology

Assignment Title: NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

In this assignment, you will explore various types of diabetes and their corresponding drug treatments. Understanding the differences between these types is crucial as each requires tailored management strategies. You will analyze the short-term and long-term impacts of diabetes on patients, focusing on the effects of drug therapies. Additionally, you will engage in constructive discussions with peers, providing alternative treatment recommendations and patient education strategies.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is to deepen your understanding of diabetes types (type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile) and their pharmacological treatments. By critically evaluating these aspects, you will gain insights into how different factors influence treatment decisions and patient outcomes.

The Student’s Role

As a student, your role is to conduct comprehensive research on diabetes types and their respective drug therapies. You will critically analyze the preparation, administration, and dietary considerations associated with one chosen drug used for treating a specific type of diabetes. Subsequently, you will evaluate and articulate the short-term and long-term impacts of the chosen diabetes type on patients, emphasizing the effects of pharmacological interventions.

Competencies Measured

This assignment assesses your ability to:

• Analyze differences between types of diabetes and their treatment approaches.
• Evaluate the pharmacological management of diabetes, including drug administration and dietary considerations.
• Assess the short-term and long-term impacts of diabetes on patient health, integrating the effects of drug treatments.
• Engage in meaningful peer discussions by providing alternative treatment recommendations and educational strategies for diabetes management.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology Course:

NURS 6521 Discussion Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Example

Diabetes is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. There are several types of diabetes, each with distinct etiologies and management strategies. Type 1 diabetes results from the pancreas’s inability to produce insulin, typically diagnosed in childhood or adolescence (Chatterjee, Khunti, & Davies, 2017). Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance or inadequate insulin production, often linked to lifestyle factors and genetics (American Diabetes Association, 2018). Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves postpartum, while juvenile diabetes refers primarily to type 1 diabetes diagnosed in young individuals (McIntyre et al., 2019; Bimstein et al., 2019).

For this discussion, the focus will be on type 2 diabetes, which affects how the body processes glucose. One commonly prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes is metformin. Metformin works by reducing liver glucose production and enhancing insulin sensitivity (Rena, Hardie, & Pearson, 2017). It is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations, typically administered orally in doses ranging from 500 to 2550 mg daily, ideally with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and diarrhea (American Diabetes Association, 2018).

Dietary considerations are crucial in managing type 2 diabetes. Patients are advised to consume complex carbohydrates like whole grains, vegetables, and legumes, while limiting simple sugars and refined carbohydrates (Sami, Ansari, Butt, & Ab Hamid, 2017).

The short-term impact of type 2 diabetes includes acute complications like hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome and hypoglycemia, while long-term effects encompass chronic complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, kidney disease, and cardiovascular issues (Afanasiev et al., 2018).

In conclusion, understanding the distinctions between types of diabetes and their respective treatments is crucial for effective patient management. Type 2 diabetes, in particular, requires a multifaceted approach involving medication, dietary adjustments, and lifestyle modifications to mitigate both short-term and long-term complications.

References

Afanasiev, S. A., et al. (2018). The impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on long-term prognosis in patients of different ages with myocardial infarction. Journal of diabetes research, 2018.

American Diabetes Association. (2018). Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2018. Diabetes Care, 41(Supplement 1), S73–S85. Retrieved from http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/supplement_1/s73.full-text.pdf

Bimstein, E., et al. (2019). Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (Juvenile Diabetes)–A review for the pediatric oral health provider. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 43(6), 417-423.

Chatterjee, S., Khunti, K., & Davies, M. J. (2017). Type 2 diabetes. The Lancet, 389(10085), 2239-2251.

McIntyre, H. D., et al. (2019). Gestational diabetes mellitus. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 5(1), 1-19.

Rena, G., Hardie, D. G., & Pearson, E. R. (2017). The mechanisms of action of metformin. Diabetologia, 60(9), 1577-1585.

Sami, W., Ansari, T., Butt, N. S., & Ab Hamid, M. R. (2017). Effect of diet on type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review. International journal of health sciences, 11(2), 65.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment

Discussion: Diabetes and Drug Treatments

Each year, 1.5 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2019). If left untreated, diabetic patients are at risk for several alterations, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, neuropathy, and blindness. There are various methods for treating diabetes, many of which include some form of drug therapy. The type of diabetes as well as the patient’s behavior factors will impact treatment recommendations.

For this Discussion, you compare types of diabetes, including drug treatments for type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.

Reference: American Diabetes Association. (2019). Statistics about diabetes. Retrieved from http://diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/

To Prepare

• Review the Resources for this module and reflect on differences between types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.
• Select one type of diabetes to focus on for this Discussion.
• Consider one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Then, reflect on dietary considerations related to treatment.
• Think about the short-term and long-term impact of the diabetes you selected on patients, including effects of drug treatments.

By Day 3 of Week 5

Post a brief explanation of the differences between the types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Describe one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Be sure to include dietary considerations related to treatment. Then, explain the short-term and long-term impact of this type of diabetes on patients. including effects of drug treatments. Be specific and provide examples.

By Day 6 of Week 5

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses and respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected a different type of diabetes than you did. Provide recommendations for alternative drug treatments and patient education strategies for treatment and management.

Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!

Post by Day 3 of Week 5 and Respond by Day 6 of Week 5

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NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Presentation Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology

Assignment Title: NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation

Assignment Instructions Overview

This assignment focuses on the stepwise management of asthma, a chronic respiratory disorder affecting individuals of all ages. As an advanced practice nurse, your role in managing asthma involves recognizing symptoms, understanding triggers, and recommending appropriate treatment options. You will create a 5- to 6-slide PowerPoint presentation for a staff development meeting, detailing different approaches for implementing the stepwise approach for asthma treatment.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objectives of this assignment are to enhance your understanding of the pharmacological treatments available for asthma, including both long-term control and quick relief options, and to explore how the stepwise approach can be utilized to optimize patient care. You will also learn to effectively communicate these concepts to other healthcare providers, improving overall asthma management within your practice.

The Student’s Role

As a student, you are expected to:

• Reflect on and review the various medications used to treat asthma, considering their impact on both adult and pediatric patients.
• Apply the stepwise approach to a hypothetical patient scenario, demonstrating how this method assists in achieving and maintaining asthma control.
• Develop a concise, informative presentation that educates your colleagues on these treatment strategies, highlighting the importance of tailored patient care and the role of stepwise management in clinical practice.

Competencies Measured

This assignment will assess the following competencies:

• Pharmacological Knowledge: Understanding the different categories of asthma medications and their specific roles in long-term control and quick relief.
• Clinical Decision-Making: Applying the stepwise approach to manage asthma effectively, adjusting treatment plans based on patient response.
• Patient Education and Communication: Developing skills to educate patients and other healthcare providers about asthma management strategies.
• Critical Thinking: Analyzing patient cases to determine the most appropriate treatment steps and recognizing when to escalate or de-escalate therapy.
• Professional Presentation: Creating and delivering a professional PowerPoint presentation that clearly conveys complex medical information in an understandable manner.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology Course:

NURS 6521 Discussion Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

Slide 1: Introduction

Asthma Overview:

• Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that results in episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night or early in the morning (Gibson, 2019).
• It affects both children and adults, with a significant global health impact.
• Recognizing symptoms and triggers is crucial for effective management.
• Proper treatment can prevent asthma attacks and improve quality of life (Walsh, 2019).

Slide 2: Long-Term Control Medications

Purpose:

• Long-term control medications are designed to be taken daily to achieve and maintain control of persistent asthma.

Common Medications:

• Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS): Flovent (fluticasone), QVAR (beclomethasone), Pulmicort (budesonide). These medications reduce inflammation and help prevent asthma attacks (Bonewit-West, Hunt, & Applegate, 2015).
• Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABAs): Advair (fluticasone/salmeterol), Symbicort (budesonide/formoterol). LABAs are used in combination with ICS for better control (Bernstein & Mansfield, 2019).
• Leukotriene Modifiers: Singulair (montelukast) helps prevent airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction.
• Immunomodulators: Omalizumab (Xolair) is used for severe asthma that is not controlled with ICS and LABAs.

Impact on Patients:

• These medications help prevent symptoms and exacerbations, improving overall asthma control and quality of life (Falk, Hughes, & Rodgers, 2016).
• Potential side effects include oral candidiasis, sore throat, and potential growth reduction in children from ICS (Walsh, 2019).

Slide 3: Quick Relief Medications

Purpose:

• Quick relief medications are used to provide immediate relief from acute asthma symptoms and attacks.

Common Medications:

• Short-Acting Beta Agonists (SABAs): Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin), Levalbuterol (Xopenex). These bronchodilators relax the muscles around the airways (Gibson, 2019).
• Anticholinergics: Ipratropium (Atrovent) can be used for quick relief in combination with SABAs.
• Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone is used for severe exacerbations to reduce inflammation.

Impact on Patients:

• These medications provide fast relief of bronchoconstriction and acute symptoms, allowing patients to breathe more easily (Craig, 2014).
• Side effects can include increased heart rate, anxiety, dizziness (from SABAs), and potential overuse leading to severe attacks (Walsh, 2019).

Slide 4: The Stepwise Approach Explained

Step-Up Therapy:

• Begin with low-dose treatment; increase gradually if asthma control is not achieved.
• For example, if a patient on low-dose ICS is not well-controlled, the dosage can be increased or a LABA can be added (Bernstein & Mansfield, 2019).

Step-Down Therapy:

• Start with higher doses; reduce gradually as asthma control improves.
• This approach minimizes medication exposure and side effects while maintaining control.

Application:

• Tailor treatment based on individual patient response and control levels.
• Adjustments are made in a structured manner to optimize asthma management (Craig, 2014).

Slide 5: Benefits of Stepwise Management

For Health Care Providers:

• Provides a clear, structured approach to adjusting medications.
• Complements clinical decision-making and ensures that each patient’s treatment is optimized based on their specific needs (Falk, Hughes, & Rodgers, 2016).

For Patients:

• Improves overall asthma control and quality of life.
• Simplifies medication regimens, making it easier for patients to adhere to their treatment plans (Bonewit-West, Hunt, & Applegate, 2015).
• Reduces the risk of severe exacerbations and hospitalizations (Gibson, 2019).

Slide 6: Conclusion

Summary:

• Asthma management requires a combination of long-term control and quick relief medications.
• The stepwise approach allows for flexible, patient-centered care.
• Continuous monitoring and adjustment of therapy are essential for optimal asthma control (Craig, 2014).

Final Thought:

• Implementing the stepwise approach in clinical practice enhances disease control and patient outcomes, supporting both healthcare providers and patients in managing asthma effectively (Bernstein & Mansfield, 2019).

References

Bernstein, J. A., & Mansfield, L. (2019). Step-up and step-down treatments for optimal asthma control in children and adolescents. Journal of Asthma, 56(7), 758-770.

Bonewit-West, K., Hunt, S., & Applegate, E. (2015). Today’s Medical Assistant: Clinical & Administrative Procedures. London, UK: Elsevier Saunders.

Craig, T. J. (2014). Physician implementation of asthma management guidelines and recommendations: 2 case studies. Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 114(11), eS4-eS15.

Falk, N. P., Hughes, S. W., & Rodgers, B. C. (2016). Medications for chronic asthma. American Family Physician, 94(6), 454-462.

Gibson, P. (2019). Monitoring Asthma. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis.

Walsh, B. K. (2019). Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation

Assignment: Asthma and Stepwise Management

Asthma is a respiratory disorder that affects children and adults. Advanced practice nurses often provide treatment to patients with these disorders. Sometimes patients require immediate treatment, making it essential that you recognize and distinguish minor asthma symptoms from serious, life-threatening ones. Since symptoms and attacks are often induced by a trigger, advanced practice nurses must also help patients identify their triggers and recommend appropriate management options. Like many other disorders, there are various approaches to treating and managing care for asthmatic patients depending on individual patient factors.

One method that supports the clinical decision making of drug therapy plans for asthmatic patients is the stepwise approach, which you explore in this Assignment.

To Prepare

• Reflect on drugs used to treat asthmatic patients, including long-term control and quick relief treatment options for patients. Think about the impact these drugs might have on patients, including adults and children.
• Consider how you might apply the stepwise approach to address the health needs of a patient in your practice.
• Reflect on how stepwise management assists health care providers and patients in gaining and maintaining control of the disease.

By Day 7 of Week 3

Create a 5- to 6-slide PowerPoint presentation that can be used in a staff development meeting on presenting different approaches for implementing the stepwise approach for asthma treatment. Be sure to address the following:

• Describe long-term control and quick relief treatment options for the asthma patient from your practice as well as the impact these drugs might have on your patient.
• Explain the stepwise approach to asthma treatment and management for your patient.
• Explain how stepwise management assists health care providers and patients in gaining and maintaining control of the disease. Be specific.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

• Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK3Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
• Click the Week 3 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
• Click the Week 3 Assignment  You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
• Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer Find the document you saved as “WK3Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
• If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
• Click on the Submitbutton to complete your submission.
• NOTE: SafeAssign does not accept files over 10MB in size. Please attempt to keep your files under 10MB.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 3

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NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology

Assignment Title: NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

This assignment involves a comprehensive examination of the ethical and legal implications associated with prescribing drugs. Advanced practice nurses (APNs) must evaluate various factors when prescribing medications, including the patient’s diagnosis, appropriate drug choice, dosage, administration frequency, contraindications, and potential complications. The assignment aims to ensure that APNs are well-versed in the professional, legal, and ethical standards that govern their prescriptive authority and understand how state-specific regulations might influence their prescribing practices.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is to develop an in-depth understanding of the ethical and legal responsibilities of APNs when prescribing medications. Students will explore scenarios that highlight potential medication errors and analyze their implications on all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and the patient’s family. The assignment encourages students to think critically about the principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice, and how these ethical principles should guide their decision-making process.

The Student’s Role

As an advanced practice nurse, students are responsible for making informed and ethically sound decisions in their prescribing practices. This role involves being accountable for patient safety and well-being, maintaining professional integrity, and adhering to both legal standards and ethical guidelines. Students are expected to conduct thorough research on state-specific laws and standards related to prescribing prescription drugs and addressing medication errors. They should be prepared to communicate openly with patients and their families, especially in instances of medication errors, and implement strategies to prevent such errors from recurring.

Competencies Measured

This assignment measures several key competencies essential for advanced practice nursing, including:

• Ethical Decision-Making: The ability to apply ethical principles to real-world scenarios and make decisions that prioritize patient safety and autonomy.
• Legal Knowledge: Understanding the legal requirements and regulations related to prescribing medications in different states, and how to comply with these laws.
• Clinical Judgment: Assessing patient-specific factors that might influence drug efficacy and safety, and making appropriate clinical decisions based on this assessment.
• Communication Skills: Effectively communicating with patients, families, and other healthcare professionals, particularly regarding the disclosure of medication errors.
• Risk Management: Implementing strategies to minimize the risk of medication errors and ensuring a culture of safety within the healthcare setting.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology Course:

NURS 6521 Discussion Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

Introduction

Advanced practice nurses (APNs) with prescriptive authority bear the significant responsibility of ensuring patient safety and adherence to legal and ethical standards. The process of prescribing drugs involves considering the patient’s diagnosis, the appropriate medication, dosage, administration frequency, contraindications, and potential complications. Furthermore, state regulations and ethical principles guide APNs in their practice. This paper examines the ethical and legal implications of a medication error scenario, explores strategies for addressing disclosure and nondisclosure, and outlines approaches to minimize such errors.

Ethical and Legal Implications: Scenario Analysis

A common scenario involves an APN who mistakenly prescribes an incorrect dosage of a medication to a patient, leading to adverse effects. This situation impacts multiple stakeholders. The prescriber may face malpractice claims and licensure consequences. Ethically, the prescriber is obligated to rectify the error and prevent further harm. The pharmacist is responsible for verifying prescriptions and may share liability if the error is not caught. The patient suffers direct health impacts, while the family deals with emotional and financial burdens. Ethically, they deserve transparency and honesty about the error. The healthcare institution may face reputational damage and financial liabilities. There is also an ethical obligation to support a culture of safety and accountability.

Each state has specific regulations governing the practice of APNs. For instance, in California, APNs must adhere to the guidelines set by the California Board of Registered Nursing, which includes mandatory reporting of medication errors and following specific protocols for prescribing and documentation (California Board of Registered Nursing, 2021). Failure to comply can result in disciplinary action and legal consequences.

Strategies for Disclosure and Nondisclosure

Disclosing medication errors to the patient and their family is ethically imperative. It aligns with the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence, ensuring that patients are fully informed about their treatment and any associated risks. Employing a compassionate and supportive approach when communicating errors helps maintain trust and facilitates a constructive dialogue about corrective measures.

Nondisclosure can lead to legal repercussions, including malpractice lawsuits and loss of licensure. It also undermines patient trust and violates ethical principles. From an ethical standpoint, nondisclosure conflicts with the principles of autonomy and justice, depriving patients of their right to make informed decisions about their care.

Strategies for Ethical and Legal Decision-Making

Implementing Ethical Guidelines

• Adherence to Ethical Principles: APNs should follow ethical guidelines such as the American Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics, which emphasizes patient safety, honesty, and accountability (American Nurses Association, 2015).
• Ongoing Education: Regular training on ethical decision-making and legal requirements can help APNs stay informed and prepared to handle complex situations.

Minimizing Medication Errors

• Use of Technology: Implementing electronic health records (EHRs) and computerized physician order entry (CPOE) systems can reduce the risk of errors by providing accurate, up-to-date patient information and alerting prescribers to potential issues.
• Collaborative Practice: Encouraging a team-based approach where APNs work closely with pharmacists, physicians, and other healthcare professionals can enhance the verification process and catch errors before they reach the patient.

Conclusion

APNs must navigate the complex landscape of legal and ethical considerations when prescribing drugs. Understanding state regulations, adhering to ethical principles, and employing strategies to minimize errors and ensure transparency enables APNs to uphold their professional responsibilities and protect patient safety. Regular education and the use of technology are crucial in fostering a safe and effective healthcare environment.

References

American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements. Silver Spring, MD: American Nurses Publishing.

California Board of Registered Nursing. (2021). Laws and Regulations. Retrieved from California BRN.

Niemann, D., Bertsche, A., Meyrath, D., Koepf, E. D., Traiser, C., Seebald, K., & Bertsche, T. (2015). A prospective three-step intervention study to prevent medication errors in drug handling in pediatric care. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 24(1-2), 101-114.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment

Assignment: Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs

What type of drug should you prescribe based on your patient’s diagnosis? How much of the drug should the patient receive? How often should the drug be administered? When should the drug not be prescribed? Are there individual patient factors that could create complications when taking the drug? Should you be prescribing drugs to this patient? How might different state regulations affect the prescribing of this drug to this patient?

These are some of the questions you might consider when selecting a treatment plan for a patient.

As an advanced practice nurse prescribing drugs, you are held accountable for people’s lives every day. Patients and their families will often place trust in you because of your position. With this trust comes power and responsibility, as well as an ethical and legal obligation to “do no harm.” It is important that you are aware of current professional, legal, and ethical standards for advanced practice nurses with prescriptive authority. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the treatment plans and administration/prescribing of drugs is in accordance with the regulations of the state in which you practice. Understanding how these regulations may affect the prescribing of certain drugs in different states may have a significant impact on your patient’s treatment plan. In this Assignment, you explore ethical and legal implications of scenarios and consider how to appropriately respond.

To Prepare

Review the Resources for this module and consider the legal and ethical implications of prescribing prescription drugs, disclosure, and nondisclosure.

• Review the scenario assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment.
• Search specific laws and standards for prescribing prescription drugs and for addressing medication errors for your state or region, and reflect on these as you review the scenario assigned by your Instructor.
• Consider the ethical and legal implications of the scenario for all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.
• Think about two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your ethically and legally responsible decision-making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose any medication errors.

By Day 7 of Week 1

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

• Explain the ethical and legal implications of the scenario you selected on all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.
• Describe strategies to address disclosure and nondisclosure as identified in the scenario you selected. Be sure to reference laws specific to your state.
• Explain two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your decision making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose your error. Be sure to justify your explanation.
• Explain the process of writing prescriptions, including strategies to minimize medication errors.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The College of Nursing Writing Template with Instructions provided at the Walden Writing Center offers an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates/general#s-lg-box-20293632). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

• Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK1Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
• Click the Week 1 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
• Click the Week 1 Assignment  You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
• Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer Find the document you saved as “WK1Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
• If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
• Click on the Submitbutton to complete your submission.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 1

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Are you overwhelmed with complex nursing assignments, tight deadlines, or specific instructions that seem challenging to meet? Look no further – ReliablePapers.com is your go-to destination for all your nursing paper writing needs! Our expert nursing essay writers are dedicated to providing you with high-quality, original, and customized nursing papers that guarantee the best grades possible.

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NURS 6501N Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment

NURS 6501N Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6501N – Advanced Pathophysiology

Assignment Title: NURS 6501N Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

This assignment focuses on analyzing a case study related to neurological and musculoskeletal disorders, exploring their pathophysiologic processes and the impact of racial/ethnic variables on physiological functioning. Students will investigate how these systems interact to affect patient health.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

Students are tasked with:

• Analyzing pathophysiologic processes related to neurological and musculoskeletal disorders.
• Identifying racial/ethnic variables that may influence physiological functioning.
• Evaluating the interaction between neurological and musculoskeletal processes in impacting patient health.

The Student’s Role

As a student, your role is to critically analyze the presented case study, applying knowledge of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders acquired through course readings and media resources. You will demonstrate understanding of disease mechanisms and their implications for patient care.

Competencies Measured

This assignment assesses competencies in:

• Analytical thinking: Ability to dissect complex symptoms and relate them to underlying disease processes.
• Cultural competence: Understanding the role of racial and ethnic factors in disease manifestation and management.
• Communication: Effectively conveying diagnostic considerations and treatment implications based on identified pathophysiological mechanisms.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6501N – Advanced Pathophysiology Course:

NURS 6501N Week 1 Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Week 2 Altered Physiology Assignment: Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 4 Case Study Analysis Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Week 5: Knowledge Check Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6501 Week 10 Assignment – Case study, STDs and Infertility Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 8 Case Study Analysis Assignment: Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Introduction

This case study analysis explores the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes in a 67-year-old man diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). It examines the racial and ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning and how these processes interact to affect the patient.

Neurological and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiologic Processes

Parkinson’s Disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Dopamine is essential for smooth, coordinated muscle movements. As dopamine levels decline, patients experience tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability (DeMaagd & Philip, 2015).

In the presented case, the patient’s symptoms, such as tremors in the arms and legs, “pill-rolling” movement, rigidity, and shuffling gait, are classic manifestations of PD. The mask-like facial expression and cogwheel rigidity observed during the physical exam further support this diagnosis. The musculoskeletal symptoms stem from the neurological deficits, leading to muscle stiffness and difficulty in initiating movements (DeMaagd & Philip, 2015).

Racial and Ethnic Variables Impacting Physiological Functioning

The prevalence and progression of Parkinson’s Disease can vary among different racial and ethnic groups due to genetic, environmental, and socio-cultural factors. Research indicates that African Americans and Asians have a lower prevalence of PD compared to Caucasians. This discrepancy may be attributed to genetic variations, differences in environmental exposures, and potential disparities in access to healthcare and diagnostic services (Sauerbier et al., 2018; Dahodwala et al., 2009).

Socio-cultural factors can influence the patient’s awareness and understanding of PD, potentially delaying diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, dietary habits, levels of physical activity, and exposure to neurotoxins can vary between ethnic groups, potentially impacting disease onset and progression (Sauerbier et al., 2018).

Interaction of Processes to Affect the Patient

The neurological and musculoskeletal processes in Parkinson’s Disease are interrelated. The degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons leads to motor symptoms, such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. These motor deficits result in secondary musculoskeletal complications, including muscle stiffness, joint pain, and postural abnormalities (DeMaagd & Philip, 2015).

Racial and ethnic factors can exacerbate these issues by influencing the patient’s overall health, access to healthcare, and lifestyle. For example, if the patient belongs to an ethnic group with limited access to healthcare resources, he may experience delays in diagnosis and treatment, worsening his symptoms. Additionally, socio-cultural differences in diet and physical activity can impact the severity of musculoskeletal symptoms and overall disease progression (Sauerbier et al., 2018).

Conclusion

Parkinson’s Disease involves complex interactions between neurological and musculoskeletal systems, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. Racial and ethnic variables can influence disease prevalence, progression, and patient outcomes. Understanding these factors is crucial for providing comprehensive care and developing effective treatment plans for individuals with Parkinson’s Disease.

References

Dahodwala, N., Siderowf, A., Xie, M., Noll, E., Stern, M., & Mandell, D. (2009). Racial differences in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Movement Disorders, 24(8), 1200-1205. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.22557

DeMaagd, G., & Philip, A. (2015). Parkinson’s disease and Its Management: Part 1: Disease Entity, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Diagnosis. Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 40(8), 504-532. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4517533/

Sauerbier, A., Aris, A., Lim, E., Bhattacharya, K., & Chaudhuri, K. (2018). Impact of ethnicity on the natural history of Parkinson disease. Medical Journal of Australia, 208(9), 410-414. Retrieved from https://www.mja.com.au/system/files/issues/208_09/10.5694mja17.01074.pdf

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6501N Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment

Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders – Part 2

As homeowners know all too well, there is a continuous need for maintenance and repair. Some efforts are precautionary in nature, while others are the result of issues that surface over time.

Similarly, musculoskeletal disorders can develop over time. For some disorders, such as osteoporosis, precautionary treatments are a potential option. But much like issues that surface in a home over time, many musculoskeletal issues can be very serious concerns, and they can have a significant impact on patients’ lives.

This week, you continue to examine fundamental concepts of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. You explore common disorders that impact these systems and you apply the key terms and concepts that help communicate the pathophysiological nature of these issues to patients.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

• Analyze processes related to neurological and musculoskeletal disorders
• Identify racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning
• Evaluate the impact of patient characteristics on disorders and altered physiology

Learning Resources

Note: The below resources were first presented in Week 7. If you have previously reviewed them, you are encouraged to read or view them again here.

Required Readings

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

• Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems (stop at Aging and the nervous system)
• Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function (stop at Sleep); Summary Review
• o   Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function; pp. 504–511, pp. 516–530 (start at Acute confusional states and delirium) (stop at Alterations in neuromotor functions); (Parkinson’s Disease); Summary Review
• Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction (stop at Degenerative disorders of the spine); (start at Cerebrovascular disorders) (stop at Tumors of the central nervous system); Summary Review
• Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System (stop at Components of muscle function); Summary Review
• Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function (stop at Bone tumors); (start at Disorders of joints); Summary Review

Chin, L. S. (2018). Spinal cord injuries. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/793582-overview#a4

Required Media

Khan Academy. (2019b). Ischemic stroke. Retrieved from ttps://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/circulatory-system-diseases/stroke/v/ischemic-stroke

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 8 minutes.

Osmosis.org. (2019, June 12). Osteoporosis – causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUQ_tt_zJDo

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 9 minutes.

Online Media from Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children

In addition to this week’s media, it is highly recommended that you access and view the resources included with the course text, Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Focus on the videos and animations in Chapters 15, 16, 18, and the sections of Chapters 44 and 45 that relate to the neurological and musculoskeletal systems. Refer to the Learning Resources in Week 1 for registration instructions. If you have already registered, you may access the resources at https://evolve.elsevier.com/

Module 5 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

An understanding of the neurological and musculoskeletal systems is a critically important component of disease and disorder diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified by the impact that that these two systems can have on each other. A variety of factors and circumstances affecting the emergence and severity of issues in one system can also have a role in the performance of the other.

Effective analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond these systems and their mutual impact. For example, patient characteristics such as, racial and ethnic variables can play a role.

An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in neurological and musculoskeletal systems is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment. For APRNs this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.

To prepare:

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:

• Both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms.
• Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
• How these processes interact to affect the patient.

Week 8 Case Study:

A 67-year-old man presents to the HCP with a chief complaint of tremors in his arms. He also has noticed some tremors in his leg as well. The patient is accompanied by his son, who says that his father has become “stiff” and it takes him much longer to perform simple tasks. The son also relates that his father needs help rising from his chair. Physical exam demonstrates tremors in the hands at rest and fingers exhibit “pill-rolling” movement. The patient’s face is not mobile and exhibits a mask-like appearance. His gait is uneven, and he shuffles when he walks and his head/neck, hips, and knees are flexed forward. He exhibits jerky or cogwheeling movement. The patient states that he has episodes of extreme sweating and flushing not associated with the activity. Laboratory data unremarkable and the HCP has diagnosed the patient with Parkinson’s Disease.

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:

• Both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms.
• Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
• How these processes interact to affect the patient.

Day 7 of Week 8

Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 8.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

• Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “M5Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
• Click the Module 5 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
• Click the Module 5 Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
• Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “M5Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
• If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
• Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Module 5 Assignment Rubric

Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:

Submit your Module 5 Assignment draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 8

To participate in this Assignment:

Module 5 Assignment

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NURS 6501N Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 4 Case Study Analysis Assignment

NURS 6501N Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6501N – Advanced Pathophysiology

Assignment Title: NURS 6501N Week 4 Case Study Analysis Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

This assignment focuses on the analysis of cardiovascular and respiratory disorders through a case study. The objective is to understand the pathophysiologic processes, the impact of racial/ethnic variables, and how these processes interact within the patient. This involves a detailed examination of symptoms, diagnosis, and the implications for patient health.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objectives are to:

• Analyze the pathophysiologic processes related to cardiovascular and respiratory disorders.
• Examine the alterations in these systems and their resultant disease processes.
• Understand the influence of racial and ethnic variables on physiological functioning.
• Evaluate how patient characteristics impact disorders and altered physiology.

The Student’s Role

Students are expected to:

• Engage in a thorough review of relevant medical literature and course materials.
• Critically analyze a provided case study scenario.
• Identify and explain the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes presented in the case.
• Discuss any racial/ethnic variables that may influence physiological functioning.
• Assess how these processes interact to affect the patient’s health.
• Compile a 1-2 page case study analysis that adheres to academic standards and formatting guidelines provided by the institution.

Competencies Measured

The assignment measures several competencies, including:

• Critical Thinking: Ability to analyze complex medical scenarios and synthesize information from various sources.
• Clinical Knowledge: Understanding of cardiovascular and respiratory systems, disease processes, and treatment protocols.
• Cultural Competence: Awareness of how racial and ethnic variables can impact health and disease outcomes.
• Communication: Ability to articulate findings clearly and effectively in written form.
• Research Skills: Proficiency in sourcing and referencing relevant academic literature.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6501N – Advanced Pathophysiology Course:

NURS 6501N Week 1 Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Week 2 Altered Physiology Assignment: Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 5: Knowledge Check Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment Example

NURS 6501 Week 10 Assignment – Case study, STDs and Infertility Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 4 Case Study Analysis Assignment: COPD Exacerbation

Introduction

This case study examines a 45-year-old woman presenting with shortness of breath, a worsening cough with thick green sputum, and fevers over three days. She has a history of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) with a chronic cough, which has exacerbated recently, disrupting her sleep. The patient’s clinical presentation, including a flattened diaphragm, increased anterior-posterior (AP) diameter on chest X-ray (CXR), and hyper resonance with coarse rales and rhonchi on auscultation, indicates an acute exacerbation of COPD. This analysis explores the cardiovascular and respiratory pathophysiological processes underlying her symptoms, considers any racial/ethnic factors affecting her condition, and examines how these processes interact to impact her health.

Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Pathophysiologic Processes

COPD is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities, typically caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases (McCance & Huether, 2019). The pathophysiological processes in COPD involve chronic inflammation, airway remodeling, and destruction of pulmonary structures, leading to obstructed airflow, air trapping, and hyperinflation (Inamdar & Inamdar, 2016).

In this patient, the exacerbation symptoms—shortness of breath, increased cough with thick sputum, and fever—suggest a possible bacterial infection, complicating her COPD. The thickened sputum and fever indicate an inflammatory response to infection, which exacerbates the chronic inflammatory state of COPD (McCance & Huether, 2019). The increased work of breathing due to airflow obstruction and hyperinflation leads to a flattened diaphragm and an increased AP diameter on CXR. Hyper resonance on auscultation indicates air trapping, while coarse rales and rhonchi suggest secretions in the airways.

Racial/Ethnic Variables Impacting Physiological Functioning

Racial and ethnic factors can significantly impact the presentation and progression of COPD. Studies have shown that African Americans and other minority groups often experience higher morbidity and mortality rates related to COPD compared to their white counterparts. Factors contributing to these disparities include genetic predispositions, socioeconomic status, environmental exposures, and access to healthcare (CDC, 2016).

African Americans, for example, may have a higher prevalence of certain risk factors such as smoking, urban living with greater exposure to air pollutants, and lower socioeconomic status, all of which can exacerbate COPD. Additionally, genetic factors may influence the severity and progression of the disease. These variables can lead to differences in how COPD manifests and progresses among different racial and ethnic groups (McCance & Huether, 2019).

Interaction of Processes Affecting the Patient

The interplay between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is crucial in understanding this patient’s condition. COPD can lead to pulmonary hypertension due to chronic hypoxia and vasoconstriction in the pulmonary arteries. This increases the workload on the right side of the heart, potentially leading to right-sided heart failure, also known as cor pulmonale (McCance & Huether, 2019).

In this patient, the acute exacerbation increases the severity of hypoxia, further straining the cardiovascular system. The increased effort to breathe due to airflow limitation and hyperinflation causes significant respiratory muscle fatigue. As the respiratory muscles tire, the efficiency of ventilation decreases, leading to worsening hypercapnia (elevated CO2 levels) and hypoxemia (decreased O2 levels), which can have systemic effects, including increased cardiac workload and potential for arrhythmias (Inamdar & Inamdar, 2016).

Conclusion

This case study highlights the complex interplay between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in a patient with an acute exacerbation of COPD. Understanding the pathophysiological processes involved in COPD, including chronic inflammation, airway remodeling, and airflow limitation, is critical for effective diagnosis and management. Racial and ethnic variables, such as socioeconomic status and environmental exposures, play a significant role in the progression and outcomes of COPD. Addressing these factors is essential for improving patient care and reducing health disparities. The interaction of these processes underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach to managing COPD, particularly during acute exacerbations.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2016). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) includes: Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/copd/index.html

Inamdar, A. A., & Inamdar, A. C. (2016). Heart failure: Diagnosis, management, and utilization. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 5(7), 62. doi:10.3390/jcm5070062

McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6501N Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment

Week 4: Alterations in the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

Cardiovascular and respiratory disorders can quickly become dangerous healthcare matters, and they routinely land among the leading causes of hospital admissions. Disorders in these areas are complicated by the fact that these two systems work so closely as contributors to overall health. APRNs working to form a similarly close partnership with patients must demonstrate not only support and compassion, but expertise to guide the understanding of diagnoses and treatment plans. This includes an understanding of patient medical backgrounds, relevant characteristics, and other variables that can be factors in their diagnoses and treatments.

This week, you examine alterations in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and the resultant disease processes. You also consider patient characteristics, including racial and ethnic variables, and the impact they have on altered physiology.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

• Analyze processes related to cardiovascular and respiratory disorders
• Analyze alterations in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and the resultant disease processes
• Analyze racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning
• Evaluate the impact of patient characteristics on disorders and altered physiology

Learning Resources

Required Readings

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

• Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems; Summary Review
• Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function (stop at Dysrhythmias); Summary Review
• Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System; Summary Review
• Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function (stop at Disorders of the chest wall and pleura); (obstructive pulmonary diseases) (stop at Pulmonary artery hypertension); Summary Review

Note: The above chapters were first presented in the Week 3 resources. If you read them previously you are encouraged to review them this week.

Inamdar, A. A. & Inamdar, A. C. (2016). Heart failure: Diagnosis, management, and utilization, 5(7). doi:10.3390/jcm5070062

Note: The above article was first presented in the Week 3 resources. If you read it previously you are encouraged to review it this week.

Required Media

Pneumonia

MedCram. (2015, September 14). Pneumonia explained clearly by MedCram [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqyPECmkSeo

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 13 minutes.
(Previously reviewed in Week 3)

Online Media from Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children

In addition to this week’s media, it is highly recommended that you access and view the resources included with the course text, Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Focus on the videos and animations in Chapters 32, 33, 35, and 36 that relate to cardiorespiratory systems and alteration in cardiorespiratory systems. Refer to the Learning Resources in Week 1 for registration instructions. If you have already registered, you may access the resources at https://evolve.elsevier.com/

Module 2 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

An understanding of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified by the fact that these two systems work so closely together. A variety of factors and circumstances that impact the emergence and severity of issues in one system can have a role in the performance of the other.

Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond these systems and their capacity to work together. The impact of patient characteristics, as well as racial and ethnic variables, can also have an important impact.

An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in cardiovascular and respiratory systems is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.

Scenario 4 (week 4):

45-year-old woman presents with the chief complaint of 3-day duration of shortness of breath, cough with thick green sputum production, and fevers. The patient has a history of COPD with a chronic cough but states the cough has gotten much worse and is interfering with her sleep. Sputum is thicker and harder for her to expectorate. CXR reveals a flattened diaphragm and an increased AP diameter. Auscultation demonstrates hyper resonance and coarse rales and rhonchi throughout all lung fields.

To prepare:

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following

The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms.

Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.

How these processes interact to affect the patient.

By Day 7 of Week 4

Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 4

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following

• The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms.
• Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
• How these processes interact to affect the patient.

By Day 7 of Week 4

Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 4

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

• Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “M2Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
• Click the Module 2 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
• Click the Module 2 Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
• Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “M2Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
• If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
• Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Module 2 Assignment Rubric

Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:

Submit your Module 2 Assignment draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 4

To participate in this Assignment:

Module 2 Assignment

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