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NRNP 6635 Week 2: Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 2: Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) Paper ExampleNRNP 6635 Week 2: Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) Paper Assignment

NRNP 6635 Week 2: Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) Paper Assignment Brief

Assignment Instructions Overview:

This assignment involves developing a Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) to guide your clinical learning as an advanced practice nurse. The PEP is essential to organize your goals and activities in a psychiatric-mental health clinical setting, ensuring that you can assess your skills, set measurable objectives, and apply knowledge to real-world patient care. Your PEP will serve as a structured roadmap for achieving specific outcomes related to psychiatric assessment, diagnostic reasoning, and collaborative practice in the clinical setting.

Understanding Assignment Objectives:

The purpose of this assignment is to help you establish clear, specific, and measurable learning goals for your practicum experience. These objectives will be based on your self-assessed strengths and areas for growth in psychiatric-mental health nursing. By framing your experience around focused learning outcomes, you will work toward achieving proficiency in skills such as mental health evaluations, psychoeducation, and diagnostic reasoning, while also considering interpersonal collaboration in clinical practice.

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The Student’s Role:

As a student, you are responsible for creating a personalized learning plan based on your unique needs and goals. This includes identifying key competencies to develop, collaborating with your preceptor to confirm the availability of resources, and actively engaging in clinical activities that support your learning. Additionally, you will record and assess your progress throughout the practicum by documenting patient encounters, reflecting on your experiences, and receiving feedback from your preceptor.

Your PEP will also require you to develop objectives that follow the SMART format (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Results-focused, Time-bound), ensuring that your goals are clearly defined and achievable within the scope of the practicum.

Competencies Measured:

Your Practicum Experience Plan will focus on advancing your skills in psychiatric-mental health nursing, including:

  • Clinical reasoning: Demonstrating the ability to assess and interpret mental health conditions accurately.
  • Psychiatric evaluations: Enhancing your capability to conduct comprehensive evaluations using standardized tools.
  • Diagnostic reasoning: Formulating differential diagnoses and treatment plans based on a solid understanding of psychopathology.
  • Psychoeducation: Developing strategies to educate patients and caregivers, enhancing adherence to treatment plans.
  • Interpersonal collaboration: Working effectively with colleagues to ensure patient-centered care and improve clinical outcomes.

You can also read other assignment examples for the NRNP 6635 – Psychopathology and Diagnostic Reasoning Course below:

NRNP 6635 Week 1: Competencies of Advanced Nursing Practice Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 1 Assignment 2: Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Paper Example

NRNP 6635 week 3 Assignment: Assessing and Diagnosing Patients With Mood Disorders Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 4: Assessing and Diagnosing Patients With Anxiety Disorders, PTSD, and OCD Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 5: Comprehensive Psychiatric Evaluation and Patient Case Presentation Example

NRNP 6635 Week 6: Neurocognitive, Neurodevelopmental, Eating, and Somatic Symptom-Related Disorders Example

NRNP 6635 Week 8: Assessing and Diagnosing Patients With Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders Example

NRNP 6635 Week 2: Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) Paper Example

Practicum Experience Plan (PEP)

Part 1: Quarter/Term/Year and Contact Information

Section A

  • Quarter/Term/Year: Summer 2024

Student Contact Information:

  • Name:
  • Street Address:
  • City, State, Zip:
  • Cell Phone:
  • E-mail:

Preceptor Contact Information:

  • Name:
  • Organization:
  • Street Address:
  • City, State, Zip:
  • Work Phone:
  • Professional/Work E-mail:

Part 2: Individualized Practicum Learning Objectives

Objective 1:

By the end of the practicum, demonstrate comprehensive psychiatric evaluation skills by performing and interpreting a mental status examination on a diverse patient population, completing at least 80 assessments using standard assessment tools and guidelines to enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning.

Planned Activities:

  • Conducting mock psychiatric evaluations under supervision.
  • Review and practice using standard assessment tools such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).
  • Participating in case conferences to discuss assessment findings and treatment plans.

Mode of Assessment:

  • Observation and feedback from the preceptor documented in Meditrek.
  • Case study analysis and written reports on evaluation findings.
  • Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) to evaluate clinical competency.

PRAC Course Outcome(s) Addressed:

  • Develop professional plans in advanced nursing practice for the practicum experience.
  • Assess psychiatric-mental health advanced practice nursing skills for strengths and opportunities.

Objective 2:

Within 6 weeks of the practicum, demonstrate diagnostic reasoning skills by discussing the psychopathology of mental illnesses across different age groups and disorders, contributing to the formulation of accurate differential diagnoses for at least 10 patients per week across the lifespan.

Planned Activities:

  • Participating in didactic sessions focused on the psychopathology of various mental illnesses.
  • Engaging in case discussions with preceptors and colleagues to explore differential diagnoses and treatment implications.
  • Conducting literature reviews on mental illness presentations across different age groups.

Mode of Assessment:

  • Participation in case discussions and presentations documented in Meditrek.
  • Written reflections on didactic sessions and their application to clinical practice.
  • Preceptor evaluations of diagnostic reasoning during patient assessments.

PRAC Course Outcome(s) Addressed:

  • Apply advanced practice nursing assessment and diagnosis skills in mental health settings.
  • Formulate differential diagnoses for patients across the lifespan.

Objective 3:

Within 8 weeks of the practicum, provide psychoeducation to individuals and/or caregivers as part of psychotherapeutic treatment planning for at least 10 patients per week, incorporating evidence-based strategies to enhance understanding and adherence to treatment recommendations.

Planned Activities:

  • Attending psychoeducation workshops or seminars.
  • Developing psychoeducational materials tailored to the needs of patients and caregivers.
  • Conducting individual or group psychoeducation sessions under supervision.

Mode of Assessment:

  • Feedback from patients and caregivers on understanding and application of psychoeducational materials documented in Meditrek.
  • Self-reflection journals on the effectiveness of psychoeducation provided.
  • Patient satisfaction surveys regarding the psychoeducation received.

PRAC Course Outcome(s) Addressed:

  • Develop professional plans in advanced nursing practice for the practicum experience.
  • Assess psychiatric-mental health advanced practice nursing skills for strengths and opportunities.

Nursing Theory

Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory emphasizes the importance of patient self-care in nursing practice. It highlights that nursing interventions are required when patients are unable to meet their own self-care needs (Gligor & Domnariu, 2020). This theory is applicable to psychiatric-mental health nursing, as it supports the promotion of patient independence and self-management of mental health conditions (Hartweg & Metcalfe, 2022). Evidence shows that empowering patients to engage in self-care activities can lead to improved mental health outcomes, such as reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety (Tanaka, 2022). By assessing self-care deficits and implementing individualized care plans, nurses can foster patient autonomy and recovery.

Counseling Theory

Motivational Interviewing (MI) is an evidence-based approach focused on enhancing patients’ motivation to change. It is particularly effective in addressing ambivalence and resistance, which are common challenges in psychiatric-mental health care (Bischof et al., 2021). The core principles of MI—expressing empathy, developing discrepancy, rolling with resistance, and supporting self-efficacy—are instrumental in helping patients explore their motivations for change (Gary et al., 2022). Research has demonstrated that MI improves treatment adherence and outcomes in conditions like substance use disorders and depression (Li et al., 2020). MI’s focus on patient-centered conversations and motivation aligns with psychoeducation and supports collaborative care planning.

Part 3: Projected Timeline/Schedule

A total of 144 clinical hours are planned to be completed over 11 weeks, with weekly time commitments as follows:

Week                   Clinical Hours     Professional Development Hours Practicum Coursework Hours
Week 1                               16 hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 2 16  hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 3 16 hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 4 16 hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 5 16 hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 6 16 hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 7 16 hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 8 16 hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 9 16 hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 10 8 hours 5 hours 5 hours
Week 11 8 hours 5 hours 5 hours

Part 4: Signatures

Student Signature (electronic):

Date:

Practicum Faculty Signature (electronic):

Date:

References

Bischof, G., et al. (2021). Motivational interviewing for mental health. Springer.

Gary, K., et al. (2022). Enhancing motivation for change in psychiatric settings: Principles of MI. Journal of Psychiatric Practice.

Gligor, C., & Domnariu, C. (2020). Orem’s self-care deficit theory and its application to psychiatric nursing. Nursing Science Quarterly.

Hartweg, D. L., & Metcalfe, S. E. (2022). Promoting mental health self-care: Applying Orem’s theory. Journal of Advanced Nursing.

Kiskac, M., & Oz, A. (2023). Integrating theory into psychiatric nursing practice: The role of self-care and motivational interviewing. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing.

Li, M., et al. (2020). Motivational interviewing and treatment adherence: A meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology.

Tanaka, T. (2022). Self-care in psychiatric nursing: Implications for patient outcomes. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NRNP 6635 Week 2: Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) Paper Assignment

Description

Assignment 2: Practicum Experience Plan (PEP)

Photo Credit: Getty Images

As you establish your goals and objectives for this course, you are committing to an organized plan that will frame your practicum experience in a clinical setting, including planned activities, assessment, and achievement of defined outcomes. In particular, they must address the categories of clinical reasoning, quality in your clinical specialty, and interpersonal collaborative practice. 

For this Assignment, you will consider the areas you aim to focus on to gain practical experience as an advanced practice nurse. Then, you will develop a Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) containing the objectives you will fulfill in order to achieve your aims. In this practicum experience, when developing your goals and objectives, be sure to keep psychiatric assessment and diagnostic reasoning in mind. 

To Prepare

  • Review your Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form you submitted last week and think about areas for which you would like to gain application-level experience and/or continued growth as an advanced practice nurse. How can your experiences in the Practicum help you achieve these aims?? 
  • Review the information related to developing objectives provided in this week’s Learning Resources.? Your practicum?learning objectives that you want to achieve during your Practicum experience must be: 
    • Specific? 
    • Measurable? 
    • Attainable? 
    • Results-focused? 
    • Time-bound 
    • Reflective of the higher-order domains of Bloom’s taxonomy (i.e., application level and above)? 

Note: Please make sure your objectives are outlined in your Practicum Experience Plan (PEP).? 

  • Discuss your professional aims and your proposed practicum objectives with your Preceptor to ascertain if the necessary resources are available at your practicum site. 

Assignment

Record the required information in each area of the Practicum Experience Plan template, including three to four (3–4) practicum learning objectives you will use to facilitate your learning during the practicum experience.

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Section I: DSM-5 basics. In Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., pp. 5–29). Author.

Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Kaplan and Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Chapter 5, “Examination and Diagnosis of the Psychiatric Patient”

Walden University. (2020). College of Nursing practicum manual: Master of science in nursing (MSN) and post-master’s certificate programs. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/fieldexperience…

Walden University Field Experience. (2020a).?Field experience: College of Nursing.? https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/fieldexperience…

Walden University Field Experience. (2020b). Student practicum resources: NP student orientation. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/StudentPracticu… 

Part 2: Individualized Practicum Learning Objectives

Refer to the instructions in Week 2 to create individualized practicum learning objectives that meet the requirements for this course. These objectives should be aligned specifically to your Practicum experience. Your objectives should address your self-assessment of the skills found in the “PMHNP Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form” you completed in Week 1.

As you develop your individualized practicum learning objective, be sure to write them using the SMART format. Use the resources found in Week 2 to guide your development. Once you review your resources, continue and complete the following. Note: Please make sure each of your objectives are connected to your self-assessment. Also, consider that you will need to demonstrate how you are advancing your knowledge in the clinical specialty.

Objective 1:<write your objective here> (Note: this objective should relate to a specific skill you would like to improve from your self-assessment)

Planned Activities:
Mode of Assessment:
(Note: Verification will be documented in Meditrek)

PRAC Course Outcome(s) Addressed:

  • (for example) Develop professional plans in advanced nursing practice for the practicum experience
  • (for example) Assess advanced practice nursing skills for strengths and opportunities 

Objective 2: <write your objective here> (Note: this objective should relate to a specific skill you would like to improve from your self-assessment)

Planned Activities:

Mode of Assessment:(Note: Verification will be documented in Meditrek)

PRAC Course Outcome(s) Addressed:

Objective 3:<write your objective here> (Note: this objective should relate to a specific skill you would like to improve from your self-assessment)

Planned Activities:

Mode of Assessment:(Note: Verification will be documented in Meditrek)

PRAC Course Outcome(s) Addressed:

Part 3: Projected Timeline/Schedule

Estimate how many hours you expect to work on your Practicum each week.*Note: All of your hours and activities must be supervised by your Preceptor and completed onsite. Your Preceptor will approve all hours, but your activities will be approved by both your Preceptor and Instructor. Any changes to this plan must be approved.

This timeline is intended as a planning tool; your actual schedule may differ from the projections you are making now.

I intend to complete the 144 or 160Practicum hours (as applicable) according to the following timeline/schedule. I also understand that I must see at least 80 patients during my practicum experience. I understand that I may not complete my practicum hours sooner than 8 weeks. I understand I may not be in the practicum setting longer than 8 hours per day unless pre-approved by my faculty.

Number of ClinicalHours Projected for Week Number of Weekly Hours for ProfessionalDevelopment Number of Weekly Hours for Practicum Coursework
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
Week 7
Week 8
Week 9
Week 10
Week 11
Total Hours(must meet the following requirements) 144 or 160 Hours

Part 4 – Signatures

Student Signature (electronic):                                Date:

Practicum Faculty Signature (electronic)**:         Date:

** Faculty signature signifies approval of Practicum Experience Plan (PEP)

Submit your Practicum Experience Plan on or before Day 7 of Week 2for faculty review and approval.

Once approved, you will receive a copy of the PEP for your records. You must share an approved copy with your Preceptor. The Preceptor is not required to sign this form.

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Best History Paper Writing Guide: Expert Writing Tips

American History Paper Writing ServicesHistory paper writing guide to assist students in the writing process.

A history paper requires a systematic approach to writing. Writing an outstanding history paper takes time and effort rather than a single stroke of inspiration. It’s normal to feel nervous or unprepared after reading the question or topic for your paper.

Writing a history paper is easier and more fun if you view it as a process and divide it down into smaller steps. Writing a history paper lets you dig into the past like a true historian.

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Conduct Appropriate Research and Analysis

Students sometimes wonder why professors penalize them for summarizing or narrating rather than analyzing. What is analysis? Analyzing means breaking down into bits and understanding their interrelationships. Analyzing water yields hydrogen and oxygen. History describes the origins and significance of events. Historical study reveals hidden connections and distinctions. An important part of historical analysis is evaluating sources, causes, and opposing explanations. Don’t confuse summary and analysis, rather think about them this way: Summary is who, what, when, and where; analysis is how, why, and how much. To show the professor that they know the information, many students believe they must offer a detailed synopsis first. Instead, start your analysis as soon as feasible, without any synopsis. A good analysis will “show” the facts. You can’t analyze without knowing the facts, but you can describe them without knowing them. For this reason, a summary alone never gets an “A.”

We will help you look through the evidence and choose the best sources once we have chosen a topic and a theme that fits. You can always count on our team of experts to give the most relevant information and back it up with acceptable citations. The quality of your work is guaranteed, and our quality assurance team is on hand to make sure that the most relevant sources are used. In the event that you aren’t satisfied with some of the sources utilized, we’ll be happy to switch them out for better ones.

Analyze Evidence Critically

Like detectives, historians doubt their sources. Not a single detective who exclusively investigated an alibi with a suspect’s archenemy is trustworthy. You wouldn’t trust a historian who blamed the French for WWI’s origins. Consider these two points concerning WWI’s origins: The Germans ruined 1914. No one would deny…” “Neither the people nor the government wanted war…” No way can they both be right, so investigate.

Always ask: Who wrote it? Why? When? Who? Georges Clemenceau, former French president, wrote the first quote in 1929. In 1870, Clemenceau vowed vengeance on Germany. From 1917 until 1920, he presided over the Paris Peace Conference. He wasn’t a bystander. 2 93 eminent German professors signed a manifesto in 1914. Germany was accused of brutality. They were not aloof bystanders. However, analyzing and cross-checking sources is always valid. With passions and self-interests at play, the more sources you can consult, the better. A historian should be suspicious and critical, not cynical (self-interest isn’t everything).

Competent historians may weigh the same data in various ways. There is no historical “Truth” with a capital T. You can learn to discriminate between differing interpretations.

Be precise

Vague remarks and generalizations reveal ignorance. Consider: “The French Revolution overthrew the regime. It shows people need freedom.” Who? Peasants? Nomads? Lawyers? Which? When? Who needed freedom, and what did it mean? The French Revolution in more detail: Price rises and food shortages spurred the Paris sans-culottes to press the Convention in 1793. Unlike grandiose Revolution generalizations, this remark can lead to a relevant Revolution analysis. Use broad abstractions like people, society, freedom, and government with care, especially as antecedents for the pronouns they and it. Recall cause and effect. People or groups cause or necessitate abstractions. Avoid broad historical generalizations. Be precise and detailed when in doubt.

Make Sure your Conclusion is Strong

Obviously, you can’t just stop because you’re out of time or ideas. Your conclusion must be conclusive. Reiterating what you wrote in your paper gives the appearance that you are unsure of its significance. Your reader will be unhappy and confused after reading your work. A strong ending adds to your opening statement. A solid conclusion summarizes the content. In a strong conclusion, your reader cares about what you stated and considers its broader ramifications. “So what?” asks your reader.

Revise and Proofread

Your professor may recognize a “one-draft wonder,” so don’t rush. Allow lots of time for revision and editing. Show your work to a writing tutor or someone else who is good at writing. Reading the draft out loud may also be beneficial. The truth is that no matter how careful you are, there are bound to be a few slip-ups. But watch out for blunders. The lack of proofreading indicates a lack of effort. Tip: Proofread your text both online and offline. Your eyes see them as distinct. Never rely solely on the spell checker to catch all of your typos. When it comes to spilling or rite-reeling, a computer is your best friend.

Valuable History Paper Writing Guide Tips

When writing history research papers, you must be aware of the various types of evidence that exist. We have two important types of evidence, which are classified as follows:

  1. Primary Evidence

You can get first-hand information about a time in history by looking at things from the past that was there at the time. This could be things like diaries or weapons or letters or oral evidence. Evidence like this can be used in your research to talk about and show direct evidence from the past. You can then use them to compare your topic to a time in the future. Our experts can use this evidence in your paper to make it top-notch and real.

  1. Secondary Evidence

When you write a history research paper, you use this kind of evidence to talk about something that happened after the time you are talking about it! Websites, books, and magazines are all examples of important things. It doesn’t matter if your research paper is about ancient history or not. Our writers use all of these types of evidence to make sure that your paper is written to your specifications and that your topic is well-covered, even if it is.

Things to Avoid During History Paper Writing

Avoid making blanket statements or generalizations

In the eyes of historians, vague expressions like “once upon a time” or “people usually claim that…” are worthless. Whenever you find yourself unsure of the acceptable level of specificity or depth, choose the option of including “too much” of both.

Avoid sounding too modern or too archaic

Don’t be tempted to bring all arguments or concerns from the past back to the present. The past should be explored on its own terms. Make sure you don’t mix up the order of events.

Avoid popular works in your research

Popular works are rarely scholarly, so avoid them when researching. Popular history merely aims to inform and entertain the masses. As a result, in popular histories, the art of the story often triumphs over the science of history; the simplicity of the facts over the complexity of the times; and the broad brush over the finer details.

Avoid abusing your sources

While there are many places to find useful information, it is often easy to abuse them.

Avoid “twenty-dollar words.”

Don’t use a word in an essay that you would never use in speech, and create something that you’d like to read. Don’t just throw any old word into your history paper; be sure you know what it means.

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NRNP 6635 Week 1 Assignment 2: Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 1 Assignment 2: Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Paper ExampleNRNP 6635 Week 1 Assignment 2: Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Assignment

NRNP 6635 Week 1 Assignment 2: Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Paper Assignment Brief

Overview of Assignment Instructions

This assignment is designed to promote self-reflection on clinical skills, focusing on areas of strength and opportunities for improvement. It encourages students to assess their current knowledge and clinical competencies in relation to advanced practice nursing. The assignment also serves as a tool for students to set measurable goals for professional development during their practicum experiences.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this self-assessment is to evaluate the student’s level of confidence and proficiency in performing key clinical skills required for advanced nursing practice. By identifying strengths and areas for improvement, students can formulate specific goals to enhance their clinical capabilities. This process is important for aligning personal development with the requirements of the practicum and the broader nursing profession. Additionally, the assignment helps students become more self-aware and deliberate in their approach to professional growth.

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The Student’s Role

Students are expected to critically assess their current skill set using the PMHNP Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form. This involves evaluating their confidence in performing various clinical procedures and diagnosing psychiatric conditions. After rating themselves, students must summarize their key strengths and highlight areas where improvement is needed. Based on this analysis, students will develop three to four measurable goals for their practicum. These goals should reflect their aspirations for developing specific clinical skills, such as diagnostic reasoning, patient assessment, and therapeutic planning.

Competencies Measured

This assignment measures several competencies critical to advanced practice nursing. These include:

  • Clinical assessment and diagnostic reasoning: Students will assess their ability to perform comprehensive evaluations, develop differential diagnoses, and utilize clinical reasoning in decision-making.
  • Patient care planning: Competence in developing personalized care plans and delivering evidence-based treatments is evaluated. This encompasses the selection of appropriate interventions and the ability to monitor patient outcomes.
  • Professional development: Students are also evaluated on their ability to set realistic, measurable goals for continuous improvement, demonstrating a commitment to lifelong learning in their nursing practice.

NRNP 6635 Week 1 Assignment 2: Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Paper Example

Introduction

Advanced practice nurses, including Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioners (PMHNPs), require a strong foundation of clinical skills to provide quality care. Clinical training allows PMHNPs to develop essential skills in patient assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental health conditions. Regular self-assessment helps identify strengths and areas needing improvement, enhancing clinical proficiency. Developing goals based on these self-assessments aligns with improving professional practice (Kleinpell et al., 2018). This self-assessment focuses on evaluating current competencies, identifying growth opportunities, and establishing objectives for further development during the practicum experience.

You can also read other assignment examples for the NRNP 6635 – Psychopathology and Diagnostic Reasoning Course below:

NRNP 6635 Week 1: Competencies of Advanced Nursing Practice Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 2: Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) Paper Example

NRNP 6635 week 3 Assignment: Assessing and Diagnosing Patients With Mood Disorders Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 4: Assessing and Diagnosing Patients With Anxiety Disorders, PTSD, and OCD Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 5: Comprehensive Psychiatric Evaluation and Patient Case Presentation Example

NRNP 6635 Week 6: Neurocognitive, Neurodevelopmental, Eating, and Somatic Symptom-Related Disorders Example

NRNP 6635 Week 8: Assessing and Diagnosing Patients With Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders Example

Clinical Skills Self-Assessment

The PMHNP Clinical Skills Self-Assessment form evaluates competency in various areas of psychiatric practice, ranging from comprehensive psychiatric evaluations to psychotherapeutic treatment planning.

  • Comprehensive Psychiatric Evaluation Skills I rate myself as confident in recognizing the clinical signs and symptoms of psychiatric illness, which is fundamental for making accurate diagnoses. However, I am mostly confident in differentiating between pathophysiological and psychopathological conditions, indicating a need for further knowledge and practice in this area. Performing and interpreting mental status examinations is a skill where I am still developing, needing supervision for confidence, while psychosocial assessments and family psychiatric histories are areas where I am more experienced.
  • Diagnostic Reasoning My current ability to develop and prioritize differential diagnoses is at a beginning level. This reflects a need for more focused practice in applying the DSM-5 criteria and formulating diagnoses based on comprehensive assessments. Understanding the nuances between normal and abnormal psychological changes in different age groups is another area where improvement is necessary (Price & Reichert, 2017).
  • Psychotherapeutic Treatment Planning Psychotherapeutic planning is essential in patient care, and I currently need to further enhance my skills in providing psychoeducation and promoting disease prevention techniques to clients and their caregivers. Although I am confident in some aspects, more practice is needed in selecting and implementing appropriate treatment strategies based on individualized patient assessments.

Summary of Strengths

One of my main strengths is my ability to deliver patient-centered care, enabling effective communication and empathetic interactions with patients from diverse backgrounds. This skill allows me to gather comprehensive patient histories and perform thorough assessments. I also have strong professional skills, maintaining boundaries, fostering therapeutic relationships, and collaborating effectively with multidisciplinary teams. My ability to document clinical findings accurately has proven valuable in creating detailed patient records and forming clinical judgments, particularly when diagnostic tests are unavailable (Chambers & Ryder, 2018).

Opportunities for Improvement

One key area for improvement is mastering the diagnostic reasoning process, particularly the development of differential diagnoses and the interpretation of mental status examinations. Increasing proficiency in these areas is crucial for accurate and efficient patient evaluation. Another area of growth is conducting comprehensive assessments in complex cases involving hostile or cognitively impaired patients. Further training and exposure to such challenging scenarios will enhance my confidence and skill set (Phillips, 2020).

Goals and Objectives for Practicum

Based on this self-assessment, I have set the following goals for my practicum experience:

  • Goal 1: Improve diagnostic reasoning skills
    • Objective 1: Recognize and interpret clinical signs of various psychiatric disorders.
    • Objective 2: Develop and prioritize differential diagnoses using DSM-5 criteria.
    • Objective 3: Apply knowledge of psychopathology to evaluate patients accurately.
  • Goal 2: Enhance mental status examination competency
    • Objective 1: Perform and interpret mental status exams independently.
    • Objective 2: Differentiate between normal and abnormal psychological symptoms across different age groups.
    • Objective 3: Use evidence-based assessment techniques to inform treatment plans.
  • Goal 3: Develop psychotherapeutic treatment planning skills
    • Objective 1: Provide tailored psychoeducation to patients and caregivers.
    • Objective 2: Apply health promotion strategies and preventive techniques effectively.
    • Objective 3: Select and implement appropriate psychotherapeutic interventions based on patient assessments.

Conclusion

The clinical self-assessment provides valuable insights into current competencies and areas for growth, which form the foundation for setting clear, achievable goals for professional development during the practicum. By focusing on diagnostic reasoning, mental status examination, and psychotherapeutic planning, I aim to advance my clinical skills and provide high-quality, evidence-based care to patients with mental health disorders.

References

Chambers, C., & Ryder, E. (2018). Compassion and caring in nursing. Routledge.

Kleinpell, R., Cook, M. L., & Padden, D. L. (2018). American Association of Nurse Practitioners National Nurse Practitioner sample survey: Update on acute care nurse practitioner practice. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 30(3), 140-149.

Phillips, K. (2020). Mental illness is not anyone’s fault: A review of NAMI, the National Alliance on Mental Illness. Journal of Consumer Health on the Internet, 24(1), 75-81.

Price, S., & Reichert, C. (2017). The importance of continuing professional development to career satisfaction and patient care: Meeting the needs of novice to mid-to late-career nurses throughout their career span. Administrative Sciences, 7(2), 17.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NRNP 6635 Week 1 Assignment 2: Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Assignment

Assignment 2: Clinical Skills Self-Assessment

Before embarking on any professional or academic activity, it is important to understand the background, knowledge, and experience you bring to it. You might ask yourself, “What do I already know? What do I need to know? And what do I want to know?” This critical self-reflection is especially important for developing clinical skills such as those for advanced practice nursing.  

The Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) Clinical Skills List and Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form provided in the Learning Resources can be used to celebrate your progress throughout your practicum and identify skills gaps. The list covers all necessary skills you should demonstrate during your practicum experiences.

Just as you did in PRAC 6635, for this Assignment, you assess where you are now in your clinical skill development and make plans for this practicum. Specifically, you will identify strengths and opportunities for improvement regarding the required practicum skills. In this practicum experience, when developing your goals and objectives, be sure to keep assessment and diagnostic reasoning in mind.

Instructions Assignment

  1. Use the PMHNP Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form to complete the following:
  • Rate yourself according to your confidence level performing the procedures identified on the Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form.  
  • Based on your ratings, summarize your strengths and opportunities for improvement.   
  • Based on your self-assessment and theory of nursing practice, develop 3–4 measurable goals and objectives for this practicum experience. Include them on the designated area of the form.  
  • Use at least 3 references.
  1. Please review the Self-Assessment for the previous class NRNP – 6635 (See attachment), so you don’t repeat the strengths and opportunities for improvement and the goals  

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NRNP 6635 Week 1: Competencies of Advanced Nursing Practice Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 1: Competencies of Advanced Nursing Practice Paper ExampleNRNP 6635 Week 1: Competencies of Advanced Nursing Practice Assignment

NRNP 6635 Week 1: Competencies of Advanced Nursing Practice Assignment Brief

Assignment Instructions Overview:

In this week’s assignment, students will explore the key competencies required for advanced nursing practice. These competencies are essential for nurse practitioners and focus on developing the skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary to provide high-quality patient care. By engaging in reflective practice and analyzing both strengths and challenges, students will assess their readiness for clinical practice and how this course aligns with their career goals. The assignment aims to foster a deeper understanding of how to effectively apply these competencies in real-world and virtual patient care environments.

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Understanding Assignment Objectives:

The primary objective of this assignment is to help students reflect on and evaluate their current nursing competencies. Through self-assessment, students will identify their strengths and challenges, as well as areas for improvement. Additionally, the assignment encourages students to consider how the course will help them progress toward their professional goals in advanced nursing practice. This reflection is supported by credible research and scholarly sources to ensure students apply evidence-based thinking to their self-evaluation.

The Student’s Role:

Students are expected to actively engage with course materials and reflect critically on their practice competencies. The reflection must be thoughtful, evidence-based, and aligned with the professional competencies that define advanced nursing practice. Additionally, students are responsible for offering insights and feedback to peers, promoting a collaborative learning environment. Through this process, students will identify personal learning needs, build upon their clinical expertise, and align their competencies with their future roles as nurse practitioners.

Competencies Measured:

This assignment will focus on measuring the following advanced nursing practice competencies:

  • Patient-Centered Care: The ability to deliver care that respects and responds to individual patient preferences, needs, and values.
  • Evidence-Based Practice: The integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values in decision-making.
  • Interprofessional Collaboration: The ability to work effectively within healthcare teams to improve patient outcomes.
  • Leadership and Advocacy: Competency in leading initiatives that improve patient care and advocating for changes in healthcare policy.
  • Complex Decision-Making: The ability to analyze patient cases, consider multiple factors, and make informed decisions in diverse and complex situations.

You can also read other assignment examples for the NRNP 6635 – Psychopathology and Diagnostic Reasoning Course below:

NRNP 6635 Week 1 Assignment 2: Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 2: Practicum Experience Plan (PEP) Paper Example

NRNP 6635 week 3 Assignment: Assessing and Diagnosing Patients With Mood Disorders Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 4: Assessing and Diagnosing Patients With Anxiety Disorders, PTSD, and OCD Paper Example

NRNP 6635 Week 5: Comprehensive Psychiatric Evaluation and Patient Case Presentation Example

NRNP 6635 Week 6: Neurocognitive, Neurodevelopmental, Eating, and Somatic Symptom-Related Disorders Example

NRNP 6635 Week 8: Assessing and Diagnosing Patients With Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders Example

NRNP 6635 Week 1: Competencies of Advanced Nursing Practice Paper Example

Advanced nursing practice competencies are essential in equipping nurse practitioners with the skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary to deliver high-quality care. These competencies are particularly crucial when providing care to adult patients across the lifespan, as they ensure patient safety, collaboration, and ethical standards. This paper will analyze my strengths and challenges in relation to these competencies and how this course will help me achieve my career goals as an Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner (AGPCNP).

Strengths in Advanced Nursing Practice Competencies

Patient-Centered Care

One of my strengths is my ability to deliver patient-centered care, an essential competency in nursing practice. This competency involves working collaboratively with patients and their families to develop personalized care plans. By actively listening to patients’ needs, I can provide care that respects their preferences and values, which improves patient outcomes. Research supports that patient-centered care enhances patient satisfaction and adherence to treatment plans (Delaney, 2018). This skill is crucial for nurse practitioners, particularly when managing chronic conditions in adult patients.

Evidence-Based Practice

Another key strength I possess is my commitment to evidence-based practice. This competency requires integrating the best available research with clinical expertise and patient preferences to guide decision-making. Evidence-based practice is linked to improved patient outcomes, reduced healthcare costs, and enhanced healthcare quality (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2018). I am confident in my ability to access, appraise, and apply current research in my clinical practice, which will be vital as I work with diverse populations of adult patients.

Interprofessional Collaboration

Collaboration with other healthcare professionals is an essential competency in advanced practice nursing. My ability to work as part of an interdisciplinary team is a strength that supports patient safety and quality care. According to research, interprofessional collaboration reduces medical errors and improves patient outcomes (Institute of Medicine, 2011). My ability to communicate effectively with other healthcare providers, patients, and their families will ensure that I provide comprehensive care that meets the needs of my patients.

Challenges in Advanced Nursing Practice Competencies

Complex Decision-Making

One of the challenges I face is in complex decision-making, particularly when dealing with patients with multiple comorbidities. As patients age, their health conditions become more complex, requiring advanced diagnostic and therapeutic skills. The challenge arises in balancing evidence-based practice with patient preferences and clinical judgment. Research indicates that decision-making in geriatric care is often complicated by cognitive decline, polypharmacy, and chronic illness management (Tinetti & Studenski, 2011). I aim to strengthen this competency through the course by engaging with case study simulations and seeking feedback from experienced practitioners.

Leadership and Advocacy

Another challenge I encounter is related to leadership and advocacy within healthcare settings. While I have experience working in a collaborative environment, I recognize that advocating for systemic changes and leading initiatives to improve care delivery is an area where I need further development. The National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF) identifies leadership as a critical competency for nurse practitioners (NONPF, 2017). Enhancing my leadership skills will empower me to advocate for policy changes that promote better healthcare access and outcomes for older adults.

Career Goals and the Role of this Course

This course aligns with my goal of becoming a skilled AGPCNP, focusing on providing comprehensive care to older adults. By engaging in this course, I expect to strengthen my diagnostic and therapeutic skills, particularly in managing complex cases involving comorbidities. Additionally, the virtual simulations and case studies will allow me to practice clinical decision-making in a controlled environment, which will prepare me for real-world clinical experiences.

Furthermore, the course will enhance my understanding of advanced nursing competencies, which are essential in achieving my long-term career goals of improving healthcare delivery for older adults. By gaining deeper insights into patient-centered care, evidence-based practice, and interprofessional collaboration, I will be better equipped to meet the complex needs of my patients.

Conclusion

Advanced nursing practice competencies serve as a foundation for providing high-quality care to patients across the lifespan. My strengths in patient-centered care, evidence-based practice, and interprofessional collaboration will support my career as an AGPCNP. However, I must address challenges related to complex decision-making and leadership to become a well-rounded practitioner. This course will play a critical role in helping me achieve my career goals by enhancing my competencies in these areas.

References

Delaney, L. J. (2018). Patient-centered care as an approach to improving health care in Australia. Collegian, 25(1), 119-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2017.02.005

Institute of Medicine. (2011). The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health. The National Academies Press.

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice. Wolters Kluwer Health.

National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF). (2017). Nurse practitioner core competencies content. https://www.nonpf.org

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NRNP 6635 Week 1: Competencies of Advanced Nursing Practice Assessment

Week 1: Competencies of Advanced Nursing Practice

Advanced nursing practice competencies emphasize the essential skills, knowledge, and attitudes that nurse practitioners must demonstrate in clinical settings as they work with adult patients across the lifespan. These competencies, developed by experts in the field, guide practitioners toward success in their careers. Practicing these competencies in both real-world and virtual environments is crucial for addressing a wide range of patient situations. For example, during this course, you will engage with virtual i-Human patients in case study simulations, where you will encounter a variety of medical conditions. These simulations provide vital practice to prepare you for clinical experiences.

This week, you will explore advanced nursing practice competencies and reflect on your strengths and challenges related to these competencies. Additionally, you will evaluate how this course may help you achieve your career goals.

Learning Objectives:

  • Analyze strengths and challenges related to nursing practice competencies
  • Define professional career goals and objectives

Discussion: Career Goals and Competencies Reflection

As an advanced practice nurse, collaboration with patients, families, and healthcare professionals is vital to ensure patient safety and maintain ethical standards. Competencies serve as a framework to help nurses understand the skills and knowledge they need to provide high-quality care.

For this discussion, reflect on your strengths and challenges regarding nursing practice competencies. Consider how this course will help you accomplish your career goals as a Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) or Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner (AGPCNP).

To Prepare:

  • Review the advanced nursing practice competencies for this week.
  • Reflect on your strengths and challenges when working with adults across the lifespan.

Discussion Instructions:

  • By Day 3, post your expectations for this course, and share a brief summary of your strengths and challenges related to nursing practice competencies. Include any career goals this course may help you achieve and explain why. Support your explanation with credible and scholarly sources.
  • By Day 6, respond to at least two colleagues, offering suggestions or resources to help them address their strengths, challenges, or career goals. Use research to support your suggestions and provide at least three current scholarly sources.

Assignment: Practicum Manual Acknowledgment Download and review the MSN Nurse Practitioner Practicum Manual to understand the program’s requirements for completing the practicum experience.

What’s Coming in Week 2: Next week, you will analyze a case study in i-Human involving an adult patient with an integumentary condition. This will help you develop a differential diagnosis and create an appropriate treatment plan.

Ensure you can log in to i-Human and review the student manual to familiarize yourself with the platform.

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Writing Ideas for Expository Essays Examples & Tips

Expository Essays Help From ExpertsExpository essays are mainly written for the purpose of exposing a particular fact to different readers. For one to write this type of essay, he/she must do enough research in order to convince readers of his/her opinions.

Just like writing any other essay, writing an expository essay requires a lot of writing skills and experience. Adequate time is also quite necessary since the processes involved in expository essay writing are quite time-consuming.

Now, let’s go right into exploring and understanding expository essays and all that they entail.

What is an Expository Essay?

An expository essay is one that does not rely on the author’s personal perspective but rather presents an explanation or piece of information based on factual evidence. To better convey the facts, choose ideas that are both clear and concise. At the end of an expository essay, the writer should be able to use the facts to gradually build an argument.

The typical structure of an expository essay includes an introductory paragraph with a thesis or goal statement, several main body paragraphs that expand on the topic of the introductory paragraph, and a conclusion paragraph that summarizes the main points of the essay.

The Purpose of Expository Essays Writing

The purpose of any expository essay should be clear: to teach the reader something useful.

Expository essays are not intended to argue a point, sway the reader’s opinion, or elicit any particular feeling. The aim is to present your explanation in a fair and impartial manner.

In an expository essay, the author explains their point of view on a topic by giving facts, explanations, details, and definitions to back up their claims.

Expository writing is important outside of the classroom because it is used whenever someone needs to explain something.

Expository writing comes in many different forms, including academic papers, newspaper articles, company reports, and even books. It serves the roles of explaining, informing, and describing.

Also, you can read more about another type of essay writing on responsive essay writing prepared by our paper writing experts.

Common Types of Expository Essays

If you’re not familiar with expository writing, you should know that there are various subgenres. In case your coursework calls for an expository essay, it is useful to be familiar with the following categories.

Definition Expository Essays

The purpose of a definition essay is to provide readers with a concise and accurate explanation of the term or concept being discussed. Common misconceptions about a historical event can be debunked in your definition essay by providing eyewitness testimonies from primary sources and discussing the impact of related social, political, and economic factors on the event and its reception.

Classification Expository Essays

To create a classification essay, you’ll need to research and write about a wide range of topics that fall under the same umbrella category, then explain how they are similar and different. You may, for instance, organize your thoughts into a categorization essay about several breeds of herding dogs. An example of a thesis statement for your essay may read something like, “Herding breeds are distinct from other types of dogs because…” The body paragraphs would then go on to describe various herding breeds in more detail (corgi, collie, heeler, etc.).

Comparison And Contrast Expository Essays

If you’re writing a compare and contrast essay, you’ll want to back up your thesis statement by drawing parallels and differences between the cited sources. You may, for instance, write an essay in which you compare the uniform policies of your school and two similar institutions in the area and draw conclusions on the relative merits of each. In the body of your paper, you might compare and contrast the various dress codes, focusing on the details of what is and isn’t allowed to be worn, as well as the degree of specificity in the terminology used and the degree of “gray area” that exists.

Process Expository Essays

A process essay takes the reader through the steps needed to complete a task. Process essays resemble recipes. The first paragraph of a process essay describes the procedure and the result of following the directions. The conclusion tells the reader what they can expect as results if they follow the steps provided.

Cause and Effect Expository Essays

A cause-and-effect essay, as the name suggests, examines the ways in which one event or action leads to another. They occasionally use causal chains to inquire into the origins of current problems. An example of a cause-and-effect essay could entail examining how market changes over the previous few decades shaped your region’s industries and economy.

The Writing Process of Expository Essays: The Basic Steps

An expository essay requires research and careful planning before it can be written properly.

In most cases, these steps make up the writing process of expository essays:

  • Read the question carefully (if applicable)
  • Brainstorm
  • Write a thesis statement
  • Search for evidence
  • Create an Outline
  • Writing, Revising/Editing

Now, let’s dissect the whole procedure and see how it works.

Reading the question

The first step in responding to a question or prompt is to grasp what it is asking.

If you don’t answer the question or address the prompt, your essay will receive a low grade regardless of how effectively you write.

At a minimum, you should read the question or prompt twice, and you should highlight important elements each time. Rephrasing the question or prompt in your own words may be helpful if it is very complicated.

Is the question/prompt split up into different parts? If so, make sure you comprehend and address each part of your essay.

Brainstorming

Write down your thoughts on a piece of paper. Make lists or use arrows and lines to connect the ideas. Formality is not necessary at this point. Further, it is irrelevant at this time whether or not you have any bad ideas. Keep taking notes, and your mind will guide you to a great idea. Another round of brainstorming to generate potential avenues to explore the topic at hand is a good idea once you’ve decided on one. From this list, your study or narrative will take shape.

Writing a Thesis Statement

A thesis statement is ready to be written when you can sum up your idea in a single sentence. This thesis statement must be narrowed to meet the assignment requirements. Writing an excellent essay relies significantly on developing an effective thesis statement.

An effective thesis statement for an essay is a sentence that summarizes the major point to be made in the essay, the context in which that point will be made, and the range of examples that will be used to support that point in the body of the essay.

This may seem like too much information for one sentence, but most thesis statements are made up of more than one clause.

Searching for Evidence

Collect evidence and read relevant sources to back up the points you’ll be making in your paper’s body and conclusion. Consider credible sources, such as reputable institutions, but keep an eye out for any indicators of bias. Statistics, definitions, charts, and graphs, as well as statements and anecdotes from experts, are all good places to start looking for information. When applicable, use descriptive facts and comparisons to clarify your topic.

Creating an Outline

Making even a brief outline can help you save time by directing your focus and restricting your potential research options. Having an outline will help you write a coherent and well-structured essay. When you look at your topics in an organized way, you might be able to identify and avoid potential mistakes.

Writing, Revising/Editing

The next step, after finishing the outline, is to begin writing. Take your time with this first draft, and then edit and revise it like you would any other piece of writing. Make sure to edit your essay carefully once you’re done, not just to check for typos but also to make sure you gave credit to all of your sources and used the style guide you were given.

Final Touches on Writing Expository Essays

It’s not as difficult as you might think to write a top-notch expository essay. Simply follow the assignment guidelines provided and include the points we’ve highlighted.

You can be sure that your essay will show how smart you are and how good a writer you are. It will also get you a good grade.

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How to Write an Explanatory Essay: Guide & Tips 

Hire the Best Explanatory Essay Online from ExpertsAs the name suggests, explanatory essays are a type of writing in which a writer is expected to present their own perspective on a given topic, event, or situation.

Writing an explanatory essay requires one to have adequate time for research. A lot of experience and writing expertise are also required in order for the essay to emerge outstanding.

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So, Exactly What is an Explanatory Essay?

An explanatory essay is a type of academic writing in which the student is tasked with finding relevant information, analyzing it, explaining it in detail, and making a case about the topic at hand. The writer doesn’t have to agree with the topic’s point of view, but it must be supported by enough evidence and good arguments.

As a writer, you typically settle on a dominant idea and explore that topic from a specific perspective. This is usually a complex perspective, which leaves an opportunity for debate.

Many writers make a mistake when they think they are defending a position in an argument or criticizing a point of view.

The Purpose of an Explanatory Essay

To put it plainly, an explanatory essay’s goal is to shed light on a topic for the reader.

Explanatory writing uses research and your own well-reasoned opinion to present a non-biased view of the topic. The goal is to clarify and justify what happened. Even if the reader disagrees, they should understand your point by the end of the essay.

Common Types of Explanatory Essays

Those unfamiliar with the genre of explanatory writing should keep in mind that there are several different types. It is important to be familiar with the following types of explanatory essays in case your assignment requires you to write one of them.

Cause and Effect Explanatory Essay

This kind of essay is based on the reasons why something happened and what happened as a result. For a cause and effect essay, the most important things to think about are “what were the reasons behind its cause” and “what effects were or will be confronted due to this.” These essays can be written using either a chain structure (where each cause and effect is presented once) or a block format (all causes and then their effects in a mass fashion).

Classification Explanatory Essay

In this form of essay, the author selects or is assigned a broad topic and then breaks it into multiple groupings. In this sort of essay, the writer describes a topic in detail by thoroughly evaluating each of its parts. Including relevant examples strengthens a categorization essay. In the last paragraph of this type of essay, the writer sums up all the different parts.

Problem And Solution Explanatory Essay

The purpose of a problem/solution essay is to provide an explanation of the proposed solution(s). This essay can present a range of options for addressing the issue you raise, or it can focus on a single “ideal” approach.

Comparison And Contrast Explanatory Essay

The objective is to compare and contrast two things, which can be ideas, events, individuals, or objects, among others. Some compare-and-contrast essays emphasize similarities while others emphasize differences. Others discuss similarities and differences equally.

Process Explanatory Essay

A process essay is a piece of writing that details the steps one must take to complete a task or understand how a particular thing works. An effective process essay will do three things: outline the crucial processes, describe those steps in-depth and arrange those steps in a logical manner (usually chronological).

Definition Explanatory Essay

A definition essay is a piece of writing that is structured around the goal of defining a term, concept, or idea. Even if you start with a definition from the dictionary, you should try to give a more detailed explanation in your essay.

Check out another post on our paper writing experts aimed at assisting students with Expository Essays

The Basic Structure of an Explanatory Essay

While there are numerous types of explanatory writing, they always follow the same basic structure. An explanatory essay has three main parts: an introduction, the main body, and the conclusion.

Introduction:

The introductory paragraph (or paragraphs) of an essay are used to introduce the topic and provide a concise explanation of its significance. The introduction is important because it influences the reader’s decision to read the body of the essay.

Body:

The body is the most important part of an explanatory essay, and it often consists of two or three paragraphs. Here, the author elaborates on the topic at hand and provides supporting evidence in the form of researched facts. Within the essay’s main body, you include explanations and examples of the problem, as well as quotes that elaborate on the topic.

Conclusion:

The essay’s conclusion is the section in which the main arguments and the author’s overall perspective are restated. The last paragraph, the conclusion, is especially important because it’s the last chance you get to leave a good impression on your readers.

Basic Steps Of Writing An Explanatory Essay

Writing an explanatory essay is a common assignment for college students. Since there is no need to defend the validity of one’s arguments, writing an explanatory essay is a relatively simple task. An outstanding explanatory essay can be written quickly, provided a few guidelines are followed.

The First Step is to Pick a Topic

It is best to pick a topic that you are familiar with. But even if you are given a topic you don’t know much about, it is not hard to find information about it in this day and age.

The Second Step is to Gather Evidence

The key to writing an outstanding explanatory essay is finding relevant and substantial evidence to back up your arguments. A well-written essay must have compelling reasoning. While working on your explanatory essay, it is important to gather information from credible sources.

The Third Step is to Construct a Proper Outline

An outline gives the writer an idea of how to proceed. Creating an outline for your essay is a lot like making a rough draft of artwork before going in and giving it the final touches.

The Fourth Step is to Fill in the Gaps

At this stage, the gathered information is presented in the writer’s own words to make the first draft. The essay should have at least five paragraphs. However, the length of each essay varies according to the requirements specified or the writer’s personal preference. It’s also important to watch your writing style so your explanatory essay doesn’t sound like other types of essays.

The Fifth and Final Step is to Reread, Revise, and Write the Final Draft

The last step is very important because this is where the final draft that is good enough to submit will be created. In order to improve the overall quality of the essay, it is best to go through the process of revising and editing it. At that point, you can go back and make any necessary edits before submitting your corrected work.

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How to Write A Responsive Essay. Best Ideas & Tips

Hire Expert Writers to Get the Best Responsive Essays Responsive essays are mainly for the purpose of responding to or answering a particular opinion.

In response essays, students can share their insights based on their own knowledge, study, and experience.

Keep in mind that your readers and viewers want to hear your thoughts and opinions on the topic you’ve selected.

In order to come up with a reliable responsive essay, a writer is normally required to spare enough tough for vast research. Writers are also required to have adequate writing expertise and vast writing skills.

What is a Responsive Essay and its Purpose?

A responsive essay, often known as a reflection or reaction paper, is the most personal academic writing. It is meant to convey to the reader your interpretation of a piece of writing.

Whether you agree with or disagree with an author, you should provide your reader with a clear explanation of your position. You may agree with some of the author’s assertions but not others. For instance, you may think the author exaggerated or omitted something vital.

It doesn’t matter what kind of response you give in a responsive essay; what’s responsive is that you give enough detail and explanation for the reader to grasp your position.

The purpose of a response essay is to analyze the author’s use of logic and reasoning, the quality of examples provided, the clarity of the structure, and your overall impression of the essay.

Be sure to use examples from your reading, but don’t be afraid to pull in parallels from other works, current events, or your own life if they help illustrate your points.

Basic Structure for Responsive Essay

Responsive essays follow the standard academic writing format, which consists of an introduction, in which you introduce the source text and your response, a body, in which you explain and support your response, and a conclusion, in which you wrap up your paper and leave your reader with something to think about.

Introduction of a Responsive Essay

An effective introduction to a reflective essay will begin with a brief summary of the assigned reading. You can utilize the notes you made during research to help craft your introduction. The message needs to be concise and clear. The best way to wrap up an introductory paragraph is with a powerful, persuasive thesis statement.

Body of a Responsive Essay

The body of your responsive essay is where you should detail your key insights and impressions. It needs to be at least three paragraphs long. Remember to focus on explaining only one response per paragraph. Otherwise, you run the risk of ruining your paper.

Conclusion of a Responsive Essay

The closing paragraph of a responsive essay needs to recap its key points. In the first sentence, restate the writer’s thesis statement. Avoid introducing any new points of view in the concluding section. Also, avoid making arguments that are inconsistent with the paper’s main points.

You can also check out another post on our paper writing experts aimed at assisting students with how to write a good argumentative essay.

The Writing Process of Responsive Essay: The Basic Steps

Read the material carefully

The first step in writing a response essay is reading the article several times to get a feel for what the author is getting at. If at all possible, read the material more than once and make notes on any parts that particularly stand out to you or to which you have a strong reaction.

Make a Plan for your response essay

If you plan ahead, composing your response will be easier. Think about your firm beliefs and write out how you might arrange them. Due to the informal nature of the response essay, a precise outline may not be necessary, but having one is not a bad idea since each individual is gifted differently. The key is to prepare your responses in advance.

Develop a Strong Thesis for Your Responsive Essay

In a response essay, the thesis is the central argument that you make. The thesis is typically expressed in a sentence or two. Yet, getting this done can be tough for some students. Introduce the topic and the main concept in one sentence. Writing a solid thesis statement is the first step in writing a high-quality essay.

Introduce Your Responsive Essay

In comparison to the introduction of a research or argumentative paper, the introduction of a response essay should feature a few crucial elements. The introduction, like that of any paper, should greet the reader and state the topic, but it should additionally do the following:

  • Provide the title and author of the work you are discussing.
  • Include a brief overview in concise language to help a reader who is unfamiliar with the topic follow your analysis. Highlight your paper’s important points.
  • You want your summary to be objective and act as a bridge to your analysis, which will come next.
  • Your personal thoughts should not be included in the introduction to the topic, but they should be in the thesis statement at the end.

Explore Your Responsive Essay

After the introductory paragraph, the main body of your responsive essay should follow. In the body, you’ll explore and elaborate on the points you made in the introduction. If your professor assigned you specific points to cover in your paper, make sure to include them in the body.

Use brief, clear paragraphs to discuss each point, topic, or reaction. Each new idea should be presented in a separate paragraph. Include specific examples and reasons to back up your analysis in the body of your responsive essay, and try to make it flow well.

Summarize Your Ideas

Conclude your responsive essay by summarizing the key points of your thoughts and arguments in regard to the text. Use inference when appropriate, and restate the paper’s main points in a concise manner. Avoid bringing up new ideas or repeating information you already said at the beginning of your responsive essay.

Valuable Tips on the Dos and Don’ts of Writing Responsive Essay

A solid responsive essay should include a critical critique of the author’s work. Make sure your writing reflects your views. Ensure a consistent, rational approach is used to categorize strengths and weaknesses. Persuasion is key to a strong responsive essay. Relevant examples and compelling evidence are required. Moreover, to mirror your own disposition.

DOs

  • Examine the story for its symbolic and thematic meanings.
  • Express how you feel about the characters in the story.
  • Make use of fascinating quotations or instances.
  • Go over the text multiple times to make sure you have captured everything.
  • Provide your own fresh ideas and points of view.

DON’Ts

  • Don’t waste your time merely recapping or summarizing the story.
  • Don’t just say you don’t like this or that character.
  • Don’t make your analysis and reflection too simple, and don’t give vague reasons for them.
  • Do not draw simplistic or obvious conclusions.
  • Do not duplicate the ideas of your classmates.

Final Touches on Writing a Responsive Essay

Many students have trouble writing thoughtful, well-researched, and well-written responsive essays because they don’t have enough time or don’t know enough.

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NSG4068: Trends in Healthcare Policy Course Assignments & Discussions Study Guide

NSG4068: Trends in Healthcare Policy Course Assignments & Discussions Study GuideNSG4068: Trends in Healthcare Policy Course Description

Credits 4.0

This course explores healthcare, financial and regulatory policies that prepare the Registered Nurse student for an enhanced role as policy maker and healthcare advocate. Economics of healthcare disparities in the healthcare system, legal and ethical issues as well as impact of social trends will be addressed.

Prerequisites

NSG3029 Foundations of Nursing Research

Corequisites

None

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NSG4068: Trends in Healthcare Policy Course Syllabus & Assignments Summary

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 1 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 2 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 3 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 4 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 5 Discussion

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 1 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 2 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 3 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 4 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 5 Project

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 1 Discussion

Envisioning Yourself as an Advocate for Nurses and Health Policy

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates&#39; initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

And, so we begin a very fast-paced and packed course on policy, politics, and nursing. Each of us has his or her own experiences and interest in advocacy. You may want to start your journey by reading Savage&#39;s piece from your course textbook. Her chapter captures her journey and may serve as a primer for your experience these next few weeks. This week&#39;s readings and assignments will help you to picture yourself moving in a direction to developing/honing/refining your advocacy skills.

Answer one of the following questions:

From the chapter “The Changing United States Health Care System” in your course textbook, using either the story of Wald&#39;s efforts to improve the health status of impoverished immigrant communities or the story of how advanced practice registered nurses have struggled with their legitimacy within the health care delivery system, compare your own experience in nursing.

Have there been challenges you have faced? If so, what strategies did you employ to overcome these challenges?

How do you envision your career moving forward in advocating for your patients? Your community? Yourself?

From your daily briefs, Kaiser Health News Morning Briefing or POLITICO Pulse.

List the interest groups that are mentioned in the brief and what their interest is in the piece.

Categorize the issues in the brief according to the following—politics and politicians, access to health care, health care insurance, health care legislation, money, drugs, or other.

NSG 4068 Week 1 Discussion Example

A challenge that I have faced in my nursing career is working with others who have difficulty with accountability. They are not held accountable for their actions and, therefore, do the bare minimum to scrape by. I believe that accountability is a fundamental characteristic of nursing. It is, at the core, snaking its way through nursing practice in all settings and in all layers. It is doing the right thing day in and day out, no matter who is watching. Where a culture of accountability prevails, people do what they say they’ll do. Everyone builds integrity for themselves and for the institution by holding themselves and one another accountable. Nursing has been voted the most trusted profession for many years in a row. It’s vital that we maintain this level of trust in our profession with each and every healthcare encounter. This means being accountable for our practice, work environment, and patient safety. Registered Nurses are accountable for everything that they do within their role. We are members of a profession. Individual accountability in nursing has become the hallmark of practice (Black,2017).

An organization that lacks accountability is full of defences and rationalization for not attaining goals. Nursing staff may feel that almost is good enough as no one will notice the shortcomings. Or worse yet, they sense that goals are whimsical or unreachable, so it is best to put time and energy into cheating the system. Many nurses may have a fear of accountability because there is an expectation that is tied to it.

Accountability is comprised of three elements- clarity, commitment, and consequences (American Nurse Today, 2109). When an order is written, it must be clear, concise and specific; we, as nurses, are not mind readers. Clarity, to me, means explaining why. If I know the reasons behind an expectation, I am more likely to commit myself to meeting it. This is where commitment comes into play; simply receiving an order is not enough. We must choose to commit to carrying out the order. Lastly, along with accountability, there are consequences for not doing as we say or not taking responsibility for our actions. We’re often asked to balance increased workloads with higher acuity patient assignments, greater nurse-patient ratios, and organizational needs. As nurses, we need to be able to stand up and say, I take full responsibility for myself, my choices, and my behaviour. I’m willing to take responsibility for my mistakes and learn from them.

NSG 4068 Week 1 Discussion

I envision myself being the one to seek a culture change in my healthcare setting. I want to create a culture where everyone does what they say they will do and are held accountable for their actions, even if this means taking disciplinary action. I want to work with fellow nurses who I can rely on and, in return, can rely on me.

References:

Accountability: A concept worth revisiting. (2014, September 16). Retrieved February 23, 2019, from https://www.americannursetoday.com/accountability-a-concept-worth-revisiting/

Black, B.P (2014). Professional Nursing: Concepts & Challenges (8th Ed.). St. Louis: Saunders

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 2 Discussion

Social Determinants of Health

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates&#39; initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

Answer one of the following questions:

Increasingly, health policymakers are becoming aware of the social determinants of health and the role they play in prevention disease and promoting health and wellness. In the “Frameworks for Action in Policy and Politics” chapter, examine Box 1-1 (Political Aspects of the Social Determinants of Health) and Figure 1-6 (The Who, What, Where, When, and Why of Nursing’s Policy Influence). Then compare these with the story about Lilian Wald’s work in New York City. Reflect on the “what” of Wald’s strategies. In your opinion, which did she use effectively?

Looking further at the “what” in Figure 1-6 and answer any one of the following questions:

Discuss at least three competencies/strategies that you have used effectively.

Identify three competencies/strategies that you don’t currently use and discuss how you might incorporate them into your advocacy toolbox.

Review the four recommendations in the IOM report The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health and find your state&#39;s action coalition. Discuss your state’s action coalition’s work as it aligns with these four recommendations. Is each recommendation being addressed? Based on your analysis of the website, how would you describe your state’s progress toward meeting the IOM recommendations?

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 3 Discussion

The ACA or the AHCA: Imperfect Solutions to Increasing Access to Health Care?

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates&#39; initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

This week’s discussion focuses on the federal government’s role in protecting the public’s health using the ACA and current efforts to “repeal and replace” the ACA. Please note that the government’s role in protecting the public’s health did not begin with the ACA. In the late 1800s, Lilian Wald brought health care to the community. And in 1965, Congress passed bills authorizing Medicare and Medicaid. Since 1965, Congress has expanded government-sponsored health care to pregnant women and children.

Answer the following question:

Compare the current provisions in the ACA with those in the failed first version of the AHCA. Share your opinions about why the AHCA failed in the first attempt at passage.

Continue to read daily from one of the policy briefs that are included in your weekly readings list. POLITICO Pulse is a daily briefing from POLITICO, and the Kaiser Health News Morning Briefing is a daily briefing from the Kaiser Family Foundation. Both focus on health care. Either one will keep you abreast of what is happening in health care policies and politics.

In addition, subscribe to the “HealthCetera” podcast and listen to the podcast weekly. This is a production of WBAI, free speech radio of Pacifica Foundation Radio in New York City.Diana Mason and Barbara Glickstein are founders and codirectors of the Center for Health Media Policy (CHMP). Both are recognized as experts in media, nursing, health, and health policy. They have a longstanding relationship as producers and moderators of HealthCetera, a live, award-winning radio program on public radio and iTunes. They are bloggers for Disruptive Women in Health Care and for the American Journal of Nursing (AJN). The CHMP is an interdisciplinary initiative for advancing the health of the public and healthy public policies through media, research, education, and public forums. Listen to the podcast throughout the course and think on the topics that are discussed, especially as they relate to how we advocate for issues of importance in this contemporary political environment.

NSG 4068 Week 3 Discussion Example

Compare the current provisions in the ACA with those in the failed first version of the AHCA.

Based on the research and analysis of ACA and ACHA, the critical goal of the ACA was to ensure affordable health care is provided among all citizens regardless of their health condition, level of income, and age. Ordinarily, the insurance companies would have charged those with pre-existing conditions more than others without such conditions. Through this, the ACA helped avoid healthcare costs through regulations and imposed taxation on people who gained the most from healthcare, such as the insurers and the pharmaceutical companies (Obama Care Explained an Explanation of Obama Care, 2020). Moreover, in the states that have realized expansion in Medicaid, childless adults earning less than 100% of the Federal Poverty Level are now covered by Medicaid at no less than 90% federal match.

Share your opinions about why the AHCA failed in the first attempt at passage.

In the first trial, the ACHA failed based on its lack of merits. It would, therefore, cause unfavorable changes to the Americans. For instance, it would have cut off Medicaid, making it challenging to attain eligibility for healthcare coverage by reducing federal support for Medicaid (Aron-Dine et al., 2020). Such action would leave many people out of healthcare coverage and increase Medicaid premiums or force people to pay their pockets’ health expenses. This condition adversely affected people with low incomes since they could not afford the premiums or the related healthcare expenses. ACA and ACHA differed so that if a person had a healthcare plan, they could charge the premiums based on age. However, in ACA they could only charge 3% more for the aged than the young people, while ACHA     would charge about 5% more for the aged.

References:

Obama Care Explained an Explanation of Obama Care (November 2, 2020). Retrieved from: https://obamacarefacts.com/obamacare-explained/

Aron-Dine, A., Schubel, J., Solomon, J., Broaddus, M., & Hayes, K. (2020). Larger, Longer-Lasting Increases in Federal Medicaid Funding Needed to Protect Coverage. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.

The Future of U.S. Health Care: Replace or Revise the Affordable Care Act? (n.d). Retrieved from: https://www.rand.org/health-care/key-topics/health-policy/in-depth.html

Facts about ACA (n.d). Retrieved from:  https://www.plannedparenthood.org/planned- parenthood-upper-Hudson/patient-resources/facts-about-aca

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 4 Discussion

Advance Care Planning and Analysis

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates&#39; initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

Read the section titled “Reflective Practice: Pants on Fire” from chapter “Health Policy, Politics, and Professional Ethics” and address the questions below:

How do you judge Palin’s quote? [“And who will suffer the most when they ration care? The sick, the elderly, and the disabled, of course. The America I know and love is not one in which my parents or my baby with Down Syndrome will have to stand in front of Obama’s death panel so his bureaucrats can decide, based on a subjective judgment of their level of productivity in society, whether they are worthy of health care. Such a system is downright evil.] Effective strategy to oppose Democrats’ plans for health care reform or unethical scaremongering?

Reflect on what informs your judgment: commitment to advance care planning, analysis of facts, and/or political party loyalties?

Is it right for nurses to endorse health reform legislation even if the legislation is not perfect? Does this apply to the recently failed American Health Care Act?

NSG 4068 Week 4 Discussion Example

In this week’s discussion, we are reviewing Palin’s quote and the meaning behind it. When Sarah Palin’s statement came out on her social media outlet choice of Facebook, I believe she knew this was a way to get people’s attention. She wrote this a few weeks after leaving her position as Governor. She used Facebook because of its availability to reach the masses. Historically, Republicans and Democrats are of opposing views. Palin’s comment just reiterated that fact. I believe that what she said was based on pure shock value. She achieved just that. According to an article posted on CBS News, they write “10 Health Care Reform Myths, examined whether H.R. 3200 mandates or encourages euthanasia or “death panels,” and she concluded that the bill offers a provision in which Medicare would cover patient-doctor consultations about end-of-life planning for the first time, which is different than an Obama “death panel” that would decide whether former Governor Palin’s Down Syndrome baby is “worthy of health care.” (CBS, 2009) Palin used the mandate to spin the words to make it so that the Government was for euthanasia or for restricting care for disabilities. The tactics that Palin utilized were deceitful and unnecessary. It is unethical scaremongering, and she has used these types of tactics in her campaign format.

Growing up in the Northeast, my views were consistent with the General consensus of the area, which was to be a part of the Democratic party. It wasn’t until moving to Florida that I really learned of the Republican standpoint and ideologies. Reflecting on both parties, I like certain things about each one. I have also voted against my party because I didn’t agree with the person running for office. I also understand that now, as a Nurse, my focus has also shifted to wanting the best for the people that I take care of. I try to make sure that I am caught up with news and events and how they affect us. I also think objectively and do not place myself in a biased situation. I try and look at the pros and cons and then make a decision about a particular subject. When speaking with patients and their families, I make sure to speak about topics in a way to find out more about them by engaging them in it. I know that my opinion can be seen in a different fashion because of the role that I have. My position can be viewed as someone who has a higher knowledge of the topic than someone who, let’s say, is a Plumber. I’m not saying that plumbers don’t know anything about healthcare; I am just saying how people look at us as a vital resource for healthcare type of information.

References:

Farber, D. (2009, August 08). Palin Weighs In on Health Care Reform. Retrieved June 8, 2018, from https://www.cbsnews.com/news/palin-weighs-in-on-health-care-reform/

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 5 Discussion

Nurses as Change Agents in the Community

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered.

For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates&#39; initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment by the end of the week.

In the chapter, “How Community-Based Organizations Are Addressing Nursing’s Role in Transforming Health Care,” the authors describe the community as the focus of advocacy action for change. They list a series of questions that help community teams develop organizing principles to guide their interventions, and the aim is to attack social determinants of health to make community change.

Suppose a community team identifies lack of access to exercise modalities as a public health issue. If the team were to determine that pedestrian walkways need to be constructed, discuss at least two factors that would facilitate the development of the walkways and two that would hinder the development. For the hindrances, discuss ways that the team might work to overcome those hindrances.

Continue to read daily from one of the policy briefs that are included in your weekly readings list. POLITICO Pulse is a daily briefing from POLITICO, and the Kaiser Health News Morning Briefing is a daily briefing from the Kaiser Family Foundation. Both focus on health care. Either one will keep you abreast of what is happening in health care policies and politics.

In addition, subscribe to the “HealthCetera” podcast and listen to the podcast weekly. This is a production of WBAI, free speech radio of Pacifica Foundation Radio in New York City.Diana Mason and Barbara Glickstein are founders and codirectors of the Center for Health Media Policy (CHMP). Both are recognized as experts in media, nursing, health, and health policy. They have a longstanding relationship as producers and moderators of HealthCetera, a live, award-winning radio program on public radio and iTunes. They are bloggers for Disruptive Women in Health Care and for the American Journal of Nursing (AJN). The CHMP is an interdisciplinary initiative for advancing the health of the public and healthy public policies through media, research, education, and public forums. Listen to the podcast throughout the course and think on the topics that are discussed, especially as they relate to how we advocate for issues of importance in this contemporary political environment.

NSG 4068 Week 5 Discussion Example

Community health nursing has a critical role in advancing individual and public health (Mason et al., 2016). Since the lack of exercise modalities has been identified as a public health issue, there are factors that need to facilitate the development of the walkways and promote public health.

One of the factors is ensuring that the population exercising along the roads is safe. This is because when they use the same roads used by motor vehicles along the busy streets, they can be hit easily. People need a safer environment to exercise, and besides ensuring their safety, the pedestrians’ trips will be more viable. In the US, around 4500 pedestrians are killed in traffic crashes with motor vehicles, and about 8% of those who are killed are found to be walking along the roadway ( Federal Highway Administration, 2020). The walkways should thus be separated from the travel lanes, which could help a safer exercising environment for those who fear roadway crashes and thus remain inactive. Another factor is to reduce the risk of diseases that arise when people remain inactive. Some of these include type 2 diabetes and heart disease. The construction of walkways will offer a broader area for people to conduct exercises, and thus, this can benefit pediatricians to actively promote exercise regimes.

However, the development of walkways can face some hindrances, such as the availability of finances to put this project into action. The present tax collected could be put into many other community projects, and to support the walkway projects, it could contribute to a rise in taxes ( Federal Highway Administration, 2020). To curb this hindrance, the government can assess other projects and minimize their funds to help cater to sidewalk expenses. Community health nurses can also advocate for financial support from the federal and local governments to support this project. Another hindrance is the availability of enough space to build safe sidewalks. Some areas can or cannot accommodate sidewalks, depending on their initial plan. Some areas lack enough space for safer sidewalks, and some community members may be forced to give up some portions of their land areas to allow the sidewalks to be constructed. This issue can also be resolved through the federal or local government providing spacious local parks that can serve the purpose of various exercises like walking or bike riding within an area.

References

Federal Highway Administration. (2020). Safety Benefits of Walkways, Sidewalks, and Paved Shoulders. Retrieved 03 19, 2020, from US Department of Transportation: Federal Highway Administration: https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/tools_solve/walkways_trifold/

Mason, D. J., Gardner, D. B., Outlaw, F. H., & O’Grady, E. T. (2016). Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care. Elsevier Inc.

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 1 Project

Using a Health Policy Model to Develop a Change in Policy to Improve the Public’s Health

This assignment focuses on the methods to develop a change in policy to improve the public’s health by using a health policy model.

Tasks:

Suppose you want to initiate a policy of taxing sugared sodas/pop/beverages in your community. Use the Longest’s policy cycle model to ponder the following questions:

What arguments would you use to make the case for the policy?

What argument(s) would your opponents make?

How would you go about getting buy-in for your proposed policy?

What stakeholder groups need to be involved in promoting your policy?

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 2-page Microsoft Word document (500 words).

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W1_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 2 Project

Nurse’s Role in Influencing the Legislative Process

For this week’s project, you’ll answer three questions related to your opportunity as a nurse and an advocate. The first two questions relate to influencing a bill is traveling through the legislative process. The third question refers you to the social determinants of health as described in your course textbook reading and asks you to think specifically on your role as a nurse in influencing social determinants of health.

In a brief paper (no more than 2 typed pages, 1 inch margins, 12 font Times New Roman or Courier New), answer the questions below. Write each question as a new topic area and then follow with a paragraph or two to answer the question. You may find it necessary to search for answers to the questions outside of the assigned reading. Be sure to use APA guidelines for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources.

Answer the following questions:

What parts of the lawmaking process does a nurse have an opportunity to influence the final bill passage?

List at least two ways that this influence can take place. In your opinion, would one way be preferable over the other?

Reviewing the social determinants of health, select one to respond to this question:

What role can nurses play in promoting health status through policy changes directly affecting this social determinant?

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 2-page Microsoft Word document (500 words).

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W2_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG 4068 Week 2 Project – Nurses Role in Influencing the Legislative Process Example

Opportunities For Nurses to Influence the Lawmaking Process

Nursing is one of the most trusted careers. Throughout history, nurses have played an important role in caring for their community and advocating for those in need. Nurses are often the “face” of healthcare as they spend the majority of their time doing direct patient care and impacting health outcomes. While nurses have sometimes taken a role in government and policy, there is much opportunity for leadership and involvement in creating health policy. Researchers write, “As a profession, nursing has a responsibility to be involved in health policy development to improve the health of people everywhere. However, nurses have not fully realized their potential when it comes to engaging in health policy, advocacy and leadership” (Turale & Kunaviktikul, 2019).

There are several opportunities for nurses to influence the lawmaking process. The most basic level of influencing policy-making is by being an informed constituent. Nurses can educate themselves on elected officials and their stance on healthcare policies. Nurses can use their voting power to elect those who will advocate and create policies to protect the nursing profession, their patients, and the community. Nurses can also join a professional organization like the American Nurses Association, ANA, which plays an important role in health policy creation.

Two Ways Nurses Can Influence Policy Making

The COVID-19 pandemic truly created a climate where nurses truly felt it was their duty to influence policy and call out safety issues they observed in hospitals and health systems across the United States. The first is bringing awareness of healthcare policy issues to the general public and governmental entities. Several times throughout the pandemic, nurses were observed testifying before councils and even Congress, bringing necessary attention to gaps and safety issues in patient care and lack of funding for public health issues. The second manner in which nurses can influence policymaking is actually taking an active role in creating health policy, using their skills and knowledge gained through nursing education, patient care, and advocacy. I believe that both advocacy roles are important when it comes to influencing health policy, but taking an active role in creating health policy is the most effective. As a nurse, if one has a passion for health policy and advocacy, there are many roles in which they can take an active role in creating policy.

NSG 4068 Week 2 Project – Nurses Role in Influencing the Legislative Process

Nurses and Addressing Social Determinants of Health

As nursing and health research increases the knowledge regarding social determinants of health, it has become evident that nurses should play a vital role in assessing and addressing socio-economic issues facing patients. Research shows, “Social determinants of health have not traditionally been integrated as a thread throughout most nursing education curricula, and this has prevented nurses from acquiring knowledge necessary to assess and address key drivers of health” (Thornton & Persaud, 2018). If nurses are able to connect their patients to resources to address socio-economic issues, health outcomes will improve. With access to better nutrition, transportation, and safe housing, individuals can live healthier and happier lives in their communities.

Nurses play a vital role when it comes to advocacy and addressing social determinants of health. Nursing school programs need to provide a better framework for addressing advocacy and social determinants of health in the nursing curriculum. Providing exposure to these issues and the role nurses play will allow for better assessment and involvement in influencing the legislative process.

References

Muetzel, L., Dye, M., O’brien, C., Milburn, S., & Rosselet, R. (2022). Nursing Government Affairs Advocacy Fellow: Introducing nurses to policy. Nursing202252(10), 47-49.

Turale, S., & Kunaviktikul, W. (2019). The contribution of nurses to health policy and advocacy requires leaders to provide training and mentorship. International nursing review66(3), 302-304.

Thornton, M., & Persaud, S. (2018). Preparing today’s nurses: Social determinants of health and nursing education. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing23(3).

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 3 Project

First Steps on Becoming a Grassroots Lobbyist/Advocate for Health Care Policy

This assignment has two parts, numbered below. Write each question as a new topic area, then follow with a paragraph or two to answer the question. You may find it necessary to search for answers to the questions outside of the assigned reading. Be sure to use APA guidelines for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources.

Tasks:

Imagine that you are going to make a visit to your representative in Congress. Develop a one-page document that supports your position on the AHCA that you would leave with your representative or his or her aide when you make your visit. This one-pager, also called a “leave behind,” should state your position clearly in bullet points and give your reasons why your position is preferred. This “leave behind” should have 1 inch margins and utilize 14-point font throughout. If you were making this visit in person, you would present your “leave behind” to the person with whom you speak during your visit. Include a second page that describes your rationale for the position in your “leave behind” page supported by at least two journal articles.

Write a two-page brief to describe the scenario surrounding your legislative visit. Understanding the political affiliation of your representative, include answers to the following:

Was your member in support or in opposition to the AHCA?

State three points that you would cover in support or opposition to your representative&#39;s position.

How does your nursing experience influence the advocacy position that you take on the AHCA?

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 4-page Microsoft Word document.

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W3_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG 4068 Week 3 Project – First Steps on Becoming a Grassroots Lobbyist/Advocate for Health Care Policy Example

I oppose the American Health Care Act (ACHCA) for the following reasons:

I believe that the AHCA shows discrimination towards the elderly who are not able to qualify for Medicare due to their age. The elderly will have to pay more for insurance than younger adults and children due to existing health conditions (Buchmueller et al., 2016).

I believe the AHCA is unfavorable for middle and lower-class Americans due to higher premiums that are harder to afford (Buchmueller et al., 2016).

This bill will allow people with pre-existing health problems to be charged more by insurers and possibly rejected for hospital admission costs (Engel, 2018).

AHCA will affect all individuals on Medicaid by making cuts to Medicaid and leaving many without health care (Buchmueller, 2017).

Pharmaceutical and insurance companies will both thrive due to the tax breaks that would be offered, and I do not think this is fair since insurance and the cost of medications are already so

Rationales for the Leave Behind

If passed, the AHCA shows discrimination toward the elderly who are not able to qualify for Medicare, and they will have to pay more for insurance than younger adults and children due to existing health conditions (Buchmueller et al., 2016). This is not fair, in my opinion. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) allows for all people to have insurance, whereas the AHCA offers insurance to individuals, which can be hard to afford for the lower and middle class.

Another rationale for not passing the AHCA is that it would affect the elderly who have pre-existing conditions, and insurance may not cover these (Engel, 2018). Insurance could also deny paying for certain medical expenses and even hospitalizations. Insurance premiums can be increased and not affordable. I do not think it is fair for the elderly to have to pay higher premiums due to pre-existing conditions. Younger adults and children will most likely have to pay less for insurance premiums.

Since AHCA will affect all individuals on Medicaid by making cuts to Medicaid and leaving many without health care, this is another reason I oppose it (Buchmueller et al., 2016). Medicaid funding could be affected tremendously, and this would impact the people who receive Medicaid. The elderly, low-income, dependents, and some pregnant women rely on Medicaid. If the funding for Medicaid is reduced, many could be left without insurance and a form to cover medical expenses (Buchmueller et al., 2016).

If the AHCA were passed, both pharmaceutical and insurance companies would thrive due to the tax breaks that would be offered. Insurance and the cost of medications both can be increased, affecting many Americans (Engel, 2018). The cost of prescriptions and insurance premiums, in general, are already high, and many cannot comfortably afford these. Many people do without the medications that they need due to the fact that they cannot afford them.

NSG 4068 Week 3 Project – First Steps on Becoming a Grassroots Lobbyist/Advocate for Health Care Policy

Brief with my Legislative Visit

During my legislative visit, I found that my legislative representative also opposed the AHCA. He has many reasons for voting against the AHCA. With the AHCA, there would have been up to 51 million people without insurance by the year 2026, which would be an increase from 28 million under the ACA (Norris, 2020). The elderly would most definitely be affected, as well as the lower income class. People with pre-existing conditions would be affected. This would include the elderly, disabled, and others with any pre-existing conditions (Engel, 2018). My legislative representative did not think this would be ethical or fair at all.

I found that my legislative representative also opposed the AHCA because insurance premiums and the cost of medical expenses would increase for many. Since ACA provided insurance for more Americans than ever in the United States, it was agreed that this was a big change for the people to have access to insurance. ACA was started in March 2010 and required everyone to have health coverage, or a penalty would be faced with income tax surcharges. This penalty was recently eliminated in 2019 by the Tax Cut and Jobs Act (Buchmueller et al., 2016). Since this was eliminated, my legislative representative felt that this was another reason that ACA was a better choice.

Medicaid is a primary source of healthcare for many Americans. I would be sure to speak with my legislative representative about this as I think it is very important. The AHCA would eliminate health care from many Americans by making cuts within the Medicaid program (Buchmueller et al., 2016). My legislative representative agrees that Medicaid cuts would definitely hurt many Americans. He doesn’t support the reduction of Medicaid funding. My legislative representative makes it aware that he believes in the use of Medicaid for the people who really need it, and it should not be taken for granted. With that being said, decreasing funds and other sources of cuts to Medicaid would affect many people’s healthcare in various ways.

Another concern I would speak with my legislative representative about is the fact that the pharmaceutical and insurance companies could profit if the AHCA went into effect. My legislative representative agrees that this is in fact, an issue that would have to be faced with the AHCA, and he opposes this as well. Many pharmaceutical companies and insurance companies have already increased costs that affect many Americans. Many Americans cannot afford their medications or their insurance premiums comfortably (Engel, 2018). This issue would become worse if the AHCA proposal was effective. The only ones that would benefit here would be the pharmaceutical companies and insurance companies. This would not be fair to the people who cannot afford these and to the elder who live on a fixed income. It would also cause a burden for single parents with children, children, and people with disabilities.

Last but not least, my legislative representative looked at various pros and cons of the AHCA. My legislature representative and I agree that there are more cons than pros for the American people. I can say that my legislative and I are glad that even though this bill passed in the House in 2017, it went no further once it reached the Senate (Norris, 2020). Health insurance and health reform will always be a topic in America that has its pros and cons. It is to our advantage to do what we think is best for all the American people who will be affected and not just a certain majority. My legislative representative agrees that with the AHCA, there are far too many cons. The prediction of the AHCA would have resulted in approximately 24 million additional Americans left uninsured by the year 2024 (Norris, 2020). After speaking to my legislative representative, I am pleased to see that he opposed the AHCA.

NSG 4068 Week 3 Project – First Steps on Becoming a Grassroots Lobbyist/Advocate for Health Care Policy

How Nursing Experience Influences Advocacy

In nursing, there are many underserved communities and patients. It is something that is seen every day, and though it is a sad situation, it’s the truth. I think that my nursing experience plays a great role in my advocacy to oppose the AHCA. I have witnessed patients face many challenges where they are not able to afford medications or don’t have transportation to see a doctor when needed. The elderly populations are living longer with more chronic conditions, and I think if the AHCA was passed, it would cause more burdens and hardships for them as well.

From a nurse’s perspective, I have to agree that it was best that the AHCA did not get passed and go into effect. As my legislative representative opposed the AHCA, I agree with this. America is supposed to do what is right for the people, and I think this was the right decision.

The American Nurses Association (ANA) is also in agreement that opposing this bill was the right choice. While nurses can only do so much for the patients, I think that being an advocate is very important. I also think that we should do what is best for the patients and their health care. I think that many Americans do not get the health care they deserve, and this is not fair. I also think that pharmaceutical and insurance companies are persistently getting rich from these people.

I think most would agree that the AHCA had more cons than pros when looking at everything. It would have resulted in leaving many uninsured and not getting the health care they need. People with pre-existing conditions would be affected tremendously. This is a key reason that advocates say they chose to support and strengthen the ACA instead (Norris, 2020). When you look at the whole picture of what the AHCA would have resulted in, you can clearly see it was the right choice.

References

Buchmueller, T., Levinson, Z., Levy, H., and Wolfe, B. (2016). Effect of the Affordable Care Act on racial and ethnic disparities in health insurance coverage. American Journal of Public Health, 106(8), pp. 1416-1421. Doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303155

Engel, J. (2018). Unaffordable: American healthcare from Johnson to Trump. University of Wisconsin Press. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324992119_Unaffordable_American_Healthcar e_from_Johnson_to_Trump/citation/download

Norris, L. (2020). The American Health Care Act: A Blueprint for GOP Health Reform. Retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-ahca-has-passed-the-house-now- what-4138613

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 4 Project

Reaching out a Solution

This assignment is designed to assist you in developing a thoughtful process for advocating about an issue as a nurse, from identifying a problem that needs to be solved through articulating a process for doing so.

This assignment consists of answering each of the questions listed below from the “Political Analysis and Strategies” chapter of your course textbook. Write each question as a new topic area; then follow with a paragraph or two to answer the question. Be sure to use APA guidelines for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources, if any used. This project should be no longer than 4 pages.

Let us assume that you are a school nurse in a high school. At a recent school athletic event, a spectator suffered a cardiac arrest in the stands. A coach of the home team went into the high school to fetch the automatic emergency defibrillator (AED) only to find out that it was not readily available. In the meantime, an emergency squad arrived and resuscitated the spectator. On Monday morning, you learn of the absence of the AED only to find out that it had been locked in the custodian’s closet. Reflect on the following questions outlined in the “Political Analysis and Strategies” chapter:

What is the issue?

Is it my issue, and can I solve it?

Is this the real issue or merely a symptom of a larger one?

Does it need an immediate solution, or can it wait?

Is it likely to go away by itself?

Can I risk ignoring it?

What are the possible solutions? Are there risks to these solutions?

What steps would you need to take in order to solve the issue?

Does anyone else at the school need to be involved in the solution?

Where is the power leverage in the school to reach the preferred solution?

Reaching a solution requires the use of power vested in the nurse. Review Box 9-1 (Sources of Power) and determine which type(s) of power the school nurse has in this situation. State your reasons for your answer.

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 4-page Microsoft Word document.

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W4_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG 4068 Week 4 Project – Reaching Out a Solution Example

Political analysis is an essential part of the nursing profession. It involves the systematic attempt to comprehend, examine, assess as well and elaborate any form of political phenomena by breaking it down into theoretical parts to understand the relationship between its linked variables (Manson et al., 2016). Political analysis starts with identifying and describing the problem and then executing approaches to achieve the best solution or change. Finding the solution entails the application of different sources of power to drive an issue through the lawmaking process. That being said, this project is meant to answer each of the questions stated below as regards the political analysis case scenario.

What is the issue?

The issue is about the automatic emergency defibrillator (AED), which was inaccessible to a spectator who had a sudden cardiac arrest. Such restriction was inappropriate because AEDs should be accessible to everyone for emergency purposes, especially in public places, malls, schools, sports stadiums, airports, and office buildings. It should be noted that most individuals who experience sudden cardiac arrest do not survive; however, the accessibility and use of an AED can save lives. Within the first few minutes after the cardiac arrest occurs, an AED can be used to check the heart rate of the victim and subsequently alert the user if there is a need of electric shock to aid the victim in recovering his or her normal heartbeat (Murugiah et al., 2014). In this case, inaccessibility of AED would result in detrimental effects and even death.

Is it my issue, and can I solve it?

It is the responsibility of a school nurse to offer preventative services, complete assessments, administer immunizations, provide health education, develop school health policies, establish interventions for diseases and injuries, create emergency care plans for students, and report infectious diseases (Todaro et al., 2018). Thus, to enhance school health and offer suitable interventions, it is essential for the nurse to take part in identifying a proper solution to the issue presented in this case scenario. As illustrated, the AED is already available but not accessible to the users. The school nurse can solve this issue by deciding an appropriate location for the device to enable everyone to access it.

Is this the real issue or merely a symptom of a larger one?

The issue is real because the life of someone is at stake and needs considerable attention to prevent it from escalating.

Does it need an immediate solution, or can it wait?

The issue needs a prompt solution because it can lead to death if it is not addressed. Research has demonstrated that over 300,000 victims experience cardiac arrest per year in the United States (Murugiah et al., 2014). Almost 90 percent of these cases are fatal. It is, therefore, essential to provide a rapid solution to anyone experiencing cardiac arrest.

NSG 4068 Week 4 Project – Reaching Out a Solution

Is it likely to go away by itself?

Without an instant intervention, the possibility of surviving is very low, and the issue may occur again, worse than before, resulting in death. It is worth mentioning that sudden cardiac arrest is unpredictable; it can occur anywhere, anytime, at any person, and without any notification. Time is of the essence when such an issue happens, and using AED would highly enable the victim to survive (Murugiah et al., 2014). For this case, it is advisable to find a solution as early as possible to promote the health of the victim and ensure a safe society at large.

Can I risk ignoring it?

We are dealing with a very critical issue that should not be ignored. By disregarding this matter, there could be detrimental consequences to the school, students, and visitors if it were to occur again. A solution should be sought to prevent its recurrence as well as its related effects.

What are the possible solutions? Are there risks to these solutions?

The possible solutions to address this issue include putting the AED at a reachable point in the school environment, educating everyone in the school about the importance of using the device, and generating awareness about life-saving efforts during emergencies. The only distinguishable vulnerability within these resolutions is the theft of AED when it is put in an accessible place. Nonetheless, the school has a watch guard, and it can also keep the device in an enclosed place when not in use; hence, the risk is very low. The device should not be locked up to avoid the occurrence of such a scenario and its devastating repercussions. All the personnel in the school should be allowed to access the AED; however, this solution requires more time to implement and could not bear any benefit.

What steps would you need to take in order to solve the issue?

All AEDs generate clear voice reminders, and most have readable and visual instructions; thus, any person can use them, irrespective of their medical knowledge or experience (Murugiah et al., 2014). Using this device is one of the most straightforward tasks to master. Nevertheless, since the AED cannot be accessed in this case, it would be essential first to elucidate the issue and explain why it is a problem as well as the need to solve it immediately. Then, as a school nurse, there will be a need to recognize possible obstructions or the relevant stakeholders who can help to resolve this issue. With the least time possible, I would use my power sources to describe the solution and the resources needed to solve this issue.

Does anyone else at the school need to be involved in the solution?

Due to the urgency of the issue at hand, only a few stakeholders should be involved. These include the principal, faculty, students, the school board, and parents. By allowing these stakeholders to take part, it will be easy to find the appropriate solution and ensure that all parties are satisfied. In fact, involving the stakeholders will enable the implementation of the solution as soon as possible and would allow society to come up with effective measures for addressing emergencies (Patton et al., 2015).

NSG 4068 Week 4 Project – Reaching Out a Solution

Where is the power leverage in the school to reach the preferred solution?

Manson et al. (2016) emphasize that integrating diverse power sources facilitates the overall determination of reaching a solution. In this case scenario, the school principal and the staff would demonstrate legitimate power due to their respective positions in the school. The school nurse, however, has expert and information power as he can offer medical understanding and use his nursing skills to resolve this matter. The school nurse may also use persuasion power to convince the stakeholders why it is important to solve the issue.

Conclusively, there is no doubt that the issue will be resolved through the collaboration of all stakeholders. Through the school nurse’s abilities, medical understanding, and power sources, it would be achievable to establish new policies in the school. From the scenario, we can deduce that nurses have a vital role in ensuring that the laws enacted in their institutions or government lead to a better quality of patient care and enhanced patient outcomes.

References

Manson, J. D, Gardner, B. D, Hopkins, F & O’Grady, T. E. (2016). Policy & politics in nursing and health care. Seventh Edition, Elsevier Inc.

Murugiah, K., Chen, S., Dharmarajan, K., Nuti, S., Wayda, B., & Shojaee, A. et al. (2014). Most Important Outcomes Research Papers on Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes7(2), 335-345. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.114.000957

Patton, R. M., Zalon, M. L., Ludwick, R., & American Nurses Association. (2015). Nurses making policy: From bedside to boardroom. New York: American Nurses Association: Springer Publishing Company.

Todaro, B., Nikander, J., Powden, C., & Eberman, L. (2018). Understanding the role of secondary school nurses and their collaboration with athletic trainers. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice10(6), 30-36. doi: 10.1016/j.xjep.2017.11.001

NSG4068 Trends in Healthcare Policy Week 5 Project

The Nurse as Advocate

Whether nurses are advocating for their patients, health care, and/or policies that improve people’s lives, the advocacy processes have commonalities that transcend the subject of their advocacy. There are also differences, although these differences may be more nuanced than obvious.

Tasks:

Write a 5-page brief to answer the following questions. Be sure to use APA guidelines for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources.

Read the following chapters from your course textbook:

Taking Action: Nurse, Educator, and Legislator: My Journey to the Delaware Senate

Taking Action: A Nurse in the Board Room

Answer the below questions:

Describe what you believe to be the drivers for each of the individuals? What factors led them to become advocates?

Discuss the challenges that each of them identified in their writings.

Analyze these drivers and challenges and compare them with your own experience to date as an advocate. In what ways do you believe that you can expand your advocacy skills within the next five years?

Submission Details:

Submit your response in a 5-page Microsoft Word document.

Name your document SU_NSG4068_W5_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Submit your document to the Submissions area by the due date assigned.

Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

NSG 4068 Week 5 Project – The Nurse as Advocate Example

The nursing role has continued to evolve over the years, and the scope of practice has also expanded over time. Primary care has continued to be offered in a manner that is effective and that minimizes health inequalities in the community. Registered nurses now have an opportunity to offer their services in more advanced and autonomous roles. The healthcare setting has continued to demand more advanced practice nurses, and this has been informed by the collaborative and integrative initiatives being championed aimed at offering quality and effective care to patients. In the US healthcare industry, there are about 3 million registered nurses. Unlike doctors who usually specialize in one area, nurses coordinate the care of all aspects of a patient’s overall health.

Advanced Nursing Practice (ANP) and Advanced Practice Nurse (APN).

Advanced Nurse Practitioners are highly experienced and educated members of the care team whose responsibilities include examining, assessing, diagnosing, treating, and prescribing medications to patients’ healthcare needs or referring the patient to an appropriate specialist if needed. Advanced practice nurses, on the other hand, are the most highly trained of all the registered nurses. They hold either a master’s degree or a doctorate in nursing. APNs usually perform roles that were previously reserved for doctors. They can, therefore, diagnose, order, and interpret lab tests, give anesthesia, and prescribe medications to patients. APNs comprise several specialist fields. To become an APN, students must ensure that they obtain an advanced degree from a certified nursing program. The next step involves passing the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses. For APNs, there are four areas of specialization, which include Nurse Practitioner (NP), Certified Nurse Anesthetist (CNM), Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS), and Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM) (Brykczynski, 2018). Although each APN performs their specific roles, their duties tend to overlap in some areas.

Family nurse practitioner (FNP)

All over the world, nurses have gained more autonomy over the period, and the roles they practice have gradually branched out to various types of specialties. Family nurse practitioners (FNPs) are one of the specialized roles. The advanced role that I am aspiring to practice is family nurse practitioner. In my role, I will be playing a crucial role in serving both individuals and families for longer periods of time. I believe this is a great role and a great specialization opportunity, as it will give me an opportunity to continue developing long-term relationships with my patients. FNPs usually collaborate with the rest of the healthcare providers in order to provide family-focused care. Some of the healthcare services provided by the FNPs include direct care, disease promotion counseling services, and health promotion (Schober, 2018).

As an FNP, it is possible for one to serve as an administrator and a policymaker. This choice of me practicing as a family nurse practitioner is inspired by the compassion I have for my community to achieve better health standards status. This role will accord me the opportunity to handle the chronic health problems and complex health challenges that my people are going through, such as diabetes and cardiac health issues. Most of these health issues are associated with lifestyles, and hence, they can be prevented if proper patient education and prevention measures are provided to the population. It is important to note that working with a population for longer improves the impact and helps in modifying health behaviors and patterns.

NSG 4068 Week 5 Project – The Nurse as Advocate

Personal Nursing Philosophy

The personal philosophy of nursing care is founded on the individual patient. In the current healthcare setting, individuals need to be at the center of the care planning process. This makes them actively involved in their own care. As an FNP, I will ensure that my patients’ wishes and preferences needs are met, and any healthcare packages are never made without involving them directly. As an FNP, I would need to practice holistic healthcare, which basically means focusing on the whole individual and not just their physical health but also their social, intellectual, sexual, spiritual, mental, and emotional health needs and preferences. As an FNP, I will need to improve my personal competencies, such as effective communication, interpersonal skills, and teamwork, as this will help me facilitate my philosophy of better healthcare for all (Schober, 2018). I have a great concern and empathy towards my patients, and this will be my biggest drive towards providing quality healthcare and ensuring my patients receive the best medical attention required for them to fully recover and better manage their conditions.

Regulatory and Legal Requirements

To practice in the state of New Jersey, one has to have the relevant education certifications from recognized nursing programs. After completing nurse practitioner education, one needs to obtain national board certification from either of the two boards that offer nurse practitioner credentials in the US, and they include the American Nurses Credentialing Center and the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. Each of the applicants for certification, however, must submit proof of a current New Jersey registered professional nurse license in good standing, a complete application form, original official transcripts, and proof of passing the highest level of the national Advanced Practice Nurse Examination in FNP (Njconsumeraffairs.gov, 2022). After this step, one has to get certification from the New Jersey Board of Nursing, and then a license is offered to practice as a Family Nurse Practitioner.

Transformational Leadership

According to Gabel (2013), the current healthcare metamorphic nature in the United States is imperative for managers to employ transformational nurse leaders as this encourages adaptation to change. The transformation leadership style allows recognition of areas that require change. Transformational leaders inspire followers by creating a sense of commitment. Adopting the qualities displayed by transformational leaders’ nurse managers have great confidence in engaging in developmental healthcare policies, continued technological advancement, and nurses’ mentorship. Some of the roles that transformational leaders have in a healthcare setting include promoting teamwork among staff, promoting self-esteem, working towards motivating staff to function at a high level of performance, and empowering nursing staff to become involved in the development and implementation of policy procedures. As demonstrated by Gabel (2013), as a transformational leader, being trustworthy greatly inspires others and helps them process an optimistic, positive, and encouraging outlook. Transformational leaders usually possess self-confidence, self-direction, and the absence of internal conflict.

As an APN, I will apply the transformational leadership style as it will give me an opportunity to motivate my colleagues and find the most effective ways of achieving the set goals. This style is excellent in conflict resolution mechanisms, and therefore, I will be able to solve work-related conflicts and find a lasting solution without necessarily creating divisions among the employees. The transformational leadership style will help me to better mobilize my colleagues to work as a team in order to achieve all the set goals and to achieve this, I will be an example.

Policy and Trends

There are significant changes being experienced in the nursing field. The current trends in the field are aimed at improving healthcare delivery and enhancing patients’ outcomes. The trends are in technological use, and they have facilitated the mobility of nursing equipment as well as facilitating increased self-care among nurses for them to become more effective. New technological advancements are entering the market every now and then, and this has helped in minimizing administration time, improving accuracy as well and improving patient experience and satisfaction. Nowadays, nurses are supposed to understand comoute technology like using laptop carts inorder to document and obtain patient information and look up treatment options when necessary (Sensmeier, 2018). Likewise, intuitive workstations on wheels have become popular in the recent past. This has given nurses an easy time when gathering patient data. It is imperative to note that the seamless gathering of patient data creates a better workflow for nurses. The level of care received by patients improves when nurses spend less time trying to track information about patients. This trend of having a hospital cart that can move with them is here to stay, especially through the COVID-19 pandemic.

NSG 4068 Week 5 Project – The Nurse as Advocate

Conclusion

The healthcare setting has continued to demand more advanced practice nurses, and this has been informed by the collaborative and integrative initiatives being championed aimed at offering quality and effective care to patients. All over the world, nurses have gained more autonomy over the period, and the roles they practice have gradually branched out to various types of specialties. Family nurse practitioners (FNPs) are one of the specialized roles that deal with family health. As a FNP, having effective leadership skills is very important as I engage with my patients. One style that plays out well in my role as an FNP is the transformational leadership style, as it will give me an opportunity to motivate my colleagues and find the most effective ways of achieving the set goals and objectives. This style is excellent in conflict resolution mechanisms, and therefore, I will be able to solve work-related conflicts and be unable to find a lasting solution without necessarily creating divisions among the employees.

References

Sensmeier, J. (2018). Transforming nursing practice through technology and informatics. The Journal of Excellence in Nursing Leadership42(11), 20-23.

Gabel, S. (2013). Transformational leadership and healthcare. Medical Science Educator23(1), 55-60.

Woo, B. F. Y., Lee, J. X. Y., & San Tam, W. W. (2018). The impact of the advanced practice nursing role on quality of care, clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, and cost in the emergency and critical care settings: a systematic review. Human resources for health15(1), 1-22.

MacLellan, L., Levett‐Jones, T., & Higgins, I. (2017). Nurse practitioner role transition: A concept analysis. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners27(7), 389-397.

Brykczynski, K. A. (2018). Role development of the advanced practice nurse. Advanced Practice Nursing: An Integrative Approach. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders, 109-139.

Schober, M. (2018). Global emergence of nurse practitioner/advanced practice nursing roles. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners30(4), 182-184.

Njconsumeraffairs.gov. (2022). New Jersey of Consumer Affairs https://www.njconsumeraffairs.gov/nur/Pages/APN-Certification.aspx.

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NSG4067: Gerontological Nursing Course Assignments & Discussions Study Guide

NSG4067: Gerontological Nursing Course Assignments & Discussions Study GuideNSG4067: Gerontological Nursing Course Description

Credits 4.0

This course provides registered nurses with an overview of the common issues affecting the health care needs of gerontological adults. Theories of aging are reviewed as well as common physiological, psychological, and social changes experienced by the population. Students are provided with assessment tools and strategies to improve nursing practice with older adults. Major foci of this course include promoting wellness and safety, prevention and assessment of elderly neglect or abuse and other legal/ethical concerns. Health promotion of the Gerontologic client in diverse health care settings will be reviewed.

Prerequisites

None

Corequisites

None

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NSG4067: Gerontological Nursing Course Syllabus & Assignments Summary

NSG 4067 Week 1 Discussion sample paper

NSG 4067 Week 2 Discussion sample paper

NSG 4067 Week 2 Project – Assessing and Planning Care for an Elderly Person sample paper

NSG 4067 Week 3 Discussion sample paper

NSG 4067 Week 4 Discussion sample paper

NSG 4067 Week 4 Project – Analysis of an Age-Related Topic Sample Paper

NSG 4067 Week 5 Discussion sample paper

You can also read another study guide on nursing assignments for students from another post on NSG4068: Trends in Healthcare Policy Course Assignments & Discussions.

NSG 4067 Week 1 Discussion

Discuss your philosophy of aging.

When do you think a person becomes elderly?

What do you think of older people?

Are they active, senile, debilitated, etc.?

Describe an older adult that you.

NSG 4067 Week 1 Discussion Sample

My parents are very active and part of the baby boomer generation. My father is 67 and still working; my mother is 65 and works. In addition to their jobs, they both remain physically active in various outdoor activities such as bicycling and hiking. My philosophy of aging reflects upon my parents’ lifestyles as they age. If you live a sedentary lifestyle earlier, you will likely be sedentary when you age. I work at a local hospital adjacent to The Villages, FL, a large retirement community. Throughout my care for this patient population, I have seen how aging has affected many elderly adults with active or passive lifestyles. I believe aging is what you make it. Living a sedentary lifestyle at one age can result in poor health outcomes and increased morbidity and mortality rates (Theou et al., 2017).

I believe one reaches the title of elderly when they can no longer care for themselves as they once did. This does not necessarily relate to chronological age but to the point when the person can no longer be independent. I have cared for patients in their 80s and 90s who still live active lifestyles. I would not consider them elderly. Instead, I would categorize them just as aging adults. However,   I have cared for patients in their 50s and 60s who cannot carry out their normal activities of daily living (ADLs), are considered failures to thrive, and have multiple co-morbidities affecting their health. I consider people in this category to be elderly and not aging adults. The active patients in their 80’s and 90’s, who I consider to be aging adults, align with the description in our textbook. Successful aging involves an active and non-sedentary lifestyle, positive thinking processes, increased cognitive and physical abilities, and limited co-morbidities (Miller, 2019). My grandmother is 87  years old and is a prime example of this classification. She is still very active and healthy. She only has reduced hearing and restless-leg syndrome with no other health disparities. She never stops and is always on the go. From yardwork and house-cleaning to grocery shopping,  she never misses a beat. I believe her active lifestyle in her younger years has led her to be optimally healthy and active at her age. I hope to achieve that same health when    I am her age by maintaining a healthy and active lifestyle just as she has.

References

Miller, C.A. (2019). Nursing for wellness in older adults (8th ed.). [Vital Source digital version]. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Theou, O., Blodgett, J. M., Godin, J., & Rockwood, K. (2017). Association between sedentary time and mortality across levels of frailty. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 52(4), 1534-1549. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.161034.

NSG 4067 SU Wk 2 Physiological & Social Changes of Elderly Discussion

Description

The discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week on the basis of the course competencies covered. For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned and complete your participation for this assignment by Day 7. To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use resources from the South University Online Library.

As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format. Support your work, using your course lectures and textbook readings. Helpful APA guides and resources are available in the South University Online Library. Below are guides that are located in the library and can be accessed and downloaded via the South University Online Citation Resources: APA Style page. The American Psychological Association website also provides detailed guidance on formatting, citations, and references at APA Style.
• APA Citation Helper
• APA Citations Quick Sheet
• APA-Style Formatting Guidelines for a Written Essay
• Basic Essay Template

Begin reviewing and replying to peer postings/responses early in the week to enhance peer discussion. See the rubric for participation points. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing viewpoints with a rationale, challenging aspects of the discussion, or indicating relationships between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Always use constructive language, even in criticism, to work toward the goal of positive progress.

TASK

Post your initial response to one of the two topics below.

Topic 1

Age related changes can affect the lifestyle/quality of life of the elderly.

  • What do you think are the two most prevalent age-related changes that affect the lifestyle of the elderly?
  • How would you help an elderly patient adjust to the two changes you identified?

Topic 2

Communication with the elderly can be challenging.

  • Identify at least two modes of communication you have used with the elderly in your clinical practice.
  • State what modes of communication were effective and which modes were challenging. Explain why.

NSG 4067 SCC Week 2 Planning Care for an Elderly Person Project

Description

Assessing and Planning Care for an Elderly Person

In order to gain an insight into the world of elder adults, it is important to understand how they view themselves and the values they hold. Additionally it is important to assess and determine his/her needs and establish appropriate interventions for this individual.

In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, you will discuss your interview of an older adult. This person cannot be a patient in your clinical setting. You can use a friend, family member, or co-worker. The older adult must be age 65 years or older.
There are two parts to this assignment – the psychosocial interview component and the functional assessment.

Interview

Download the patient questionnaire. Use this format to record the person’s responses.

  • Include 2–3 questions of your own to get a complete picture of the older adult.
  • Summarize your findings.
  • Include the questionnaire with responses in the Appendix of your paper.

Assessment

After gaining permission, conduct a physical and mental functional assessment of the older adult you have chosen. Review your readings for the process of a functional assessment.

  • Use the tools discussed this week to complete a comprehensive assessment of your patient. Search the Internet for resources on these tools.
    • Tinetti Balance and Gait Evaluation
    • Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living
    • Assessment of Home Safety
    • The Barthel Index
    • Do not include a name on each tool, but do include professional or other designation, and age. Your name should also be identified on the tool.
      • Include these tools in the Appendix.
  • Based on your assessment:
    • Compare and contrast the age-related changes of the older person you interviewed and assessed with those identified in this week’s reading assignment.
    • Identify at least 4–6 preliminary issues.
    • Identify three alterations in health that you would propose and describe them.
    • Identify a minimum of three comprehensive interventions for each alteration.
    • Integrate cultural considerations in your interventions.

Patient Questionnaire

INTERVIEW OF CHOSEN ELDER ADULT

Name:   ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­________________________________ Age: ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­________________

Brief Introduction (Background information):

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. Philosophy on living a long life

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. Thoughts about when a person is considered “too old”

               _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. Opinion on the status and treatment of older adults

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. Beliefs about health and illness

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. Health promotion activities he or she participates in

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. Something special that helped the person live so long

               __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. Life span of other family members

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. Special dietary traditions in patient’s culture attributed with aiding long life

               _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. Any remedies/medications that have been handed down in family/group. If yes, describe. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
  2. Patient’s description of current and past health status

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  1. The values that guided life so far

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Additional Questions

  1. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

  1. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

  1. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Summary

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contrast of client’s responses with findings in current literature

  • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
  • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
  • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

NSG 4067 Week 2 Project-Assessing and Planning Care for an Elderly Person Sample

Old age is defined as nearing the end of the human cycle. There is a fundamental difference between young and old age regarding health and physiological, functional, and physical components. Planning and accessing care for older adults is a process that diverse stakeholders have adopted to enhance and prolong their lives. Although accessing and planning care for an older adult is a continuous process, a sharp contrast exists in age-related changes in older adults.

Compare and contrast the age-related changes of the older person you interviewed and assessed with those identified in this week’s reading assignment.

Identify at least 4–6 preliminary issues.

The current literature and Gregory’s interview response shared similarities in age-related changes observed between the two components. Similar preliminary issues observed include Gait, balance, and stability changes, independence functionality changes, performance activity changes, and safety evaluation changes. First, the Gait, balance, and stability changes issue. Fall is essential to the Gait, balance, and stability issues. Moreover, most old-age people suffer from the fall problem (Parveen & Noohu, 2017, p. 30). Hence, this sky rocks the costs related to the falls, such as surgery, the equipment required, the hospitalization bill, and rehabilitation. Again, both the interview and the current literature share this issue.

Furthermore, the costs related to physical, personal, and emotional support significantly affect elderly individuals. Falls are estimated to result in serious injuries leading to disabilities, death, and high healthcare costs for aged individuals. Fall incidences increase with the increase in old age. The population older than 65 can fall at least once a year.

The Tinetti balance and Gait evaluation is a methodology developed to measure Gait and balance, especially in the older generations.

Furthermore, the scale was developed to measure the elderly individuals’ balance and stability while undertaking physical activities. The Gait and balance mainly consider the abnormal knee extension and inability to turn during walking observed in old age. The lack of Gait and harmony among the elderly indicates health problems primarily associated with a lack of strength in the elderly knees. Second, independence functionality changes. The functionality changes in the older population are evident through the frequent health problems depicted. There is support from both the interview response questions and the current literature. The Katz index of independence in daily living activities explains the functionality changes. The Katz ADL tool is used as the primary instrument to assess the functional status of older people in their ability to undertake their activities independently. Most health practitioners use the tool to detect problems associated with performing activities in their daily living (Mlinac & Feng, 2016, p. 510).

Moreover, the tool index rank is based on the six performance functions: bathing, dressing, transferring, feeding, and continence. The tool ranks the elderly ability to perform the six tasks on a yes and no. Notably, a score of six will indicate that the older adult is fully functional, a score of four will indicate moderate impairment, and a score of two and below shows that the person suffers from severe functional impairment. The current literature and the interview response depict a similar trend in the functionality decline in the elderly population.

Gregory, the interviewee, stated that he experienced a reduced functionality problem in the activities, identical to the current literature within the Karl ADL tool. Third, home safety evaluation changes. The contemporary literature supports assessing the elderly living environment, with the primary goal of improving home safety for older people. The primary motivation of the safety evaluation is maintaining a balance between the patient and the environment, with the end goal being to minimize injuries to the elderly while they are home.

NSG 4067 Week 2 Project-Assessing and Planning Care for an Elderly Person

Moreover, in most cases, caregivers are tasked with identifying specific aspects that may be unsafe and later advise the family on the improvement needed. Similarly, most family members prefer to transfer their elderly relatives to caregiving homes where the safety evaluation is prioritized. However, Gregory’s interview response tends to differ; he advocates that older adults’ relatives should undertake the safety assessment and care for their loved ones instead of transferring them to caregiving homes. So forth, performance activity changes. The Barthel index is similar to Karl ADL, though it measures performance activities in the elderly daily living. However, the Barthel index focuses mainly on the assistance degree an elderly individual requires on a scale of ten mobility items.

Furthermore, the Barthel index integrates ten personal activities. Similarly, Gregory’s interview response supported the Barthel index by indicating a shift in performance activity levels between the old and young generations. When most people get to old age, their intensity to perform activities reduces.

Identify three alterations in health that you would propose and describe them. Identify a minimum of three comprehensive interventions for each alteration. Integrate cultural considerations in your interventions.

I would propose three alterations within the health sector to prevent the preliminary issues prevalent in old age. The alterations include the formation of therapy departments, the enhanced undertaking of home safety evaluation, and improved analysis of problem detection tools. First, the construction of therapy departments. One of the fundamental goals of health is the promotion of care, and such a therapy department is a critical component in enhancing the health of older people through the prevention of fall incidents. To make the alterations dream a reality, the following interventions must be undertaken: a comprehensive evaluation of the home environment, both the internal and the external environment factors.

Moreover, the environment is assessed, and dangerous obstacles such as stairs and poor lighting are eliminated. Also, home aid kits are to be added at home to facilitate faster treatment of injuries. The cultural intervention would be introducing Tai Chi programs to promote mobility. Second, an enhanced evaluation of home safety evaluation (Pega et al., 2016, p. 420). The improved safety evaluation would balance the patient and the environment. The following interventions would be undertaken: hiring an occupational therapist to visit and assess older people and their home environment, a deep analysis of the home aspects, and removing things that seem unsafe for older people. And lastly, the cultural introduction would educate older people on the importance of home safety. Third, enhanced analysis of problem detection tool. To achieve the desired results in detecting health problems among the elderly, there is a need to improve the available tools to help catch the issues earlier. The interventions would be to train the health personnel on using the devices. The elderly should visit the health centers frequently for diagnosis, and the cultural intervention would be peer education for the elders on the need for frequent hospital diagnosis.

Conclusion

Old age is a critical component in life. Hence, planning and accessing care for older people is a continuous process incorporating various techniques and stakeholders. The above methods and interventions need to be adopted and implemented for the healthy living of old people.

References

Mlinac, M. E., & Feng, M. C. (2016). Assessment of activities of daily living, self-care, and independence. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology31(6), 506-516.

Parveen, H., & Noohu, M. M. (2017). Evaluation of psychometric properties of Tinetti performance-oriented mobility assessment scale in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal36, 25-32.

Pega, F. et al., (2016). Home safety assessment and modification to reduce injurious falls in community-dwelling older adults: cost-utility and equity analysis. Injury prevention22(6), 420- 426.

NSG 4067 Week 3 Discussion-Wellness in the Elderly

Develop a wellness program with a holistic approach for the older adult you identified in your week 2

Use resources available in your community.

Discuss how this approach will provide an optimum level of well-being.

NSG 4067 Week 3 Discussion-Wellness in the Elderly

A holistic approach to nursing integrates the mind, body, and spirit with the patient’s physical and mental capabilities to promote optimal wellness and treat the whole person (Miller, 2019). For my week two project, I interviewed my 87-year-old grandfather, R.L. He had a long career as a Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist and retired twelve years ago. He has a history of myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, elevated cholesterol, congestive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, dual implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement, and three cardiac ablations. He was relatively healthy until ten years ago.

Although he attempts to maintain a positive outlook on life, he has bouts of depression from feeling socially isolated and a decreased energy level. He walks his dog daily, which is an excellent form of exercise, but he could benefit even more by participating in an exercise program at our local wellness center. A wellness coach at the center can educate him on the importance of exercise and develop an individualized exercise program for him. Older adults might be more willing to comply with an exercise program if they recognize the physical and mental health benefits they can attain from them. Furthermore, they may be more likely to participate in exercise programs if they are personalized to their specific functional abilities (Miller, 2019). This could assist him in increasing his energy level as well as give him an additional social outlet to reduce his depression. Another way to reduce his depression and increase his functional mobility is yoga. Yoga is an exercise that involves the mind, body, and spirit. It has been proven to reduce anxiety, depression, and pain. Also, yoga has improved sleep and overall quality of life (Hamrick et al., 2017). Our local wellness center has a yoga program. R.L. can become involved with yoga to decrease his depression and improve his mobility. Education will be provided on the benefits of yoga. A yoga instructor from the program can further educate him and develop a tailored plan to meet his needs.

R.L. has impaired gate and balance deficits, which can increase his fall risk. This is especially concerning as he wishes to remain independent for as long as possible. Older people’s most prevalent fall risk factors are impaired balance, weakness, polypharmacy drug usage, and environmental hazards (Tiefenbachová & Zeleníková, 2019). He uses a cane to walk long distances but uses no walking aids in his home. A referral by his primary care provider for home physical therapy would be beneficial. He can be assessed for his gait and balance, and physical therapy can recommend a walking aid that is appropriate for him to utilize inside and outside his home. R.L. takes a small number of cardiac medications, which are necessary for his condition. Educational material will be provided to him on potential side effects and interactions. He has environmental hazards in his home that increase his risk for falls. My grandmother loves to throw rugs, and they are everywhere in their home.

NSG 4067 Week 3 Discussion-Wellness in the Elderly

R.L. and my grandmother can be educated on removing environmental hazards such as throw rugs. An alternative solution can be presented, such as stabilizing mats under rugs in their home to prevent shifting while walking on them. An educational pamphlet will be given to R.L. on the safety hazards in his home, along with emergency phone numbers in case of a fall (Tiefenbachová & Zeleníková, 2019). Also, he needs railings in his home’s front and back entrances and visible markings on his raised thresholds. A leaflet will be provided with information on the specific modifications he needs to make and how to install them. This will include a list of local contractors installing these items (Tiefenbachová & Zeleníková, 2019).

R.L. has maintained a healthy diet all his life. However, as he and my grandmother become less able to cook all their meals, they have turned to more processed foods high in sodium. My local hospital’s dieticians can provide educational materials on reduced sodium and heart-healthy diets.

R.L. will also be shown how to regularly check food labels for sodium content. Sodium levels should be less than 1500 mg per day. With his diagnosis of congestive heart failure, this can reduce his fluid retention and increase his energy levels. As a result, he will have an increased ability to participate in his activities of daily living (Miller, 2019).

All of the interventions in R.L.’s wellness program will significantly enhance his overall quality of life. Determinants of optimal living and well-being include exercise, social interaction, and relationship development (Miller, 2019). Physical activity will increase his mobility and social interaction; therefore, it will enhance his functionality, reduce depression, and grow a positive mindset. HProper mobility assistance and a reduction of environmental hazards will increase his functional ability and decrease his risk for falls (Tiefenbachová & Zeleníková, 2019). Also, dietary modifications will increase his energy level. All these aspects work together to promote the enhancement of the mind, body, and spirit encompassed in a holistic approach (Miller, 2019). R.L. will have a greater chance of living his life to the fullest and achieve maximum independence despite his health conditions and limitations.

References

Hamrick, I., Mross, P., Nate, C., & Smith, P. D. (2017). Yoga’s effect on falls in rural, older adults. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 35, 57-63. doi:http://dx.doi.org.su.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2017.09.007

Miller, C.A. (2019). Nursing for wellness in older adults (8th ed.). [VitalSource Digital Version]. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Tiefenbachová, P., & Zeleníková, R. (2019). The effect of educational intervention by a nurse on home environmental risk factors for falls. Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 10(2), 1019-1025. doi:http://dx.doi.org.su.idm.oclc.org/10.15452/CEJNM.2019.10.0009

NSG 4067 Southeastern Community College Wk 4 Aging and Social Isolation Analysis

Description

Analysis of an Age Related Topic

 Include the following in your analysis:

Define the problem.

Identify the specific population affected.

Describe cultural implications.

  • Describe financial/legal/ethical implications for the population related to the problem.
  • Describe 2-3 interventions that can be used to improve the problem.
  • Describe resources available to improve the problem.
  • Describe costs associated with the interventions identified.
  • Discussed sustainability of the interventions.

Type:

Essay (any type)

Service:

Writing

Pages:

5 pages / 1375 words (Double spacing)

Level:

College

Language:

English (US)

Deadline:

Oct 23, 11:30 PM

Topic:

Analysis of an Age Related topic

Subject:

Nursing

Sources:

1 source required

Style:

APA 7th edition

Description

Analysis of an Age Related Topic In a Microsoft Word document of 5-6 pages formatted in APA style conduct in-depth analysis of a pertinent topic related to aging. Include the following in your analysis: Define the problem. Identify the specific population affected. Describe cultural implications. Describe financial/legal/ethical implications for the population related to the problem. Describe 2-3 interventions that can be used to improve the problem. Describe resources available to improve the problem. Describe costs associated with the interventions identified. Discussed sustainability of the interventions. Support your responses with examples. On a separate references page, cite all sources using APA format. The American Psychological Association website also provides detailed guidance on formatting, citations, and references at APA Style. • APA Citation Helper • APA Citations Quick Sheet • APA-Style Formatting Guidelines for a Written Essay • Basic Essay Template

NSG 4067 Week 4 Project-Analysis of an Age-Related Topic Sample Paper

Definition of the problem

 Aging comes with various progressive diseases. Among the progressive conditions that affect individuals is Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s is an advanced, permanent disease that gradually obliterates memory and intellectual skills, eventually affecting an individual’s ability to carry out simple and minor tasks (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). Usually, Alzheimer’s disease affects persons in their mid-60s, whereby more than six million Americans have dementia, initially caused by Alzheimer’s (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). The leading cause of Alzheimer’s is an abdominal accumulation of proteins in and around the brain’s cells. The proteins that build up around and in the brain comprise tau, the main protein (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). Also, amyloid proteins accumulate around the brain cells, eventually forming plagues that affect the brain’s functioning.

Specific affected population

 Alzheimer’s mainly affects individuals in their mid-sixties. According to a CDC report, more than five million people in the United States live with Alzheimer’s disease (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). Mostly, the ailment begins at the age of sixty, where the symptoms and effects of the disease progress. According to the CDC, the affected population has increased over time, whereby the number of patients recorded multiplies twice after five years (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). The ailment is associated with aging; thus, it is a risk factor among individuals. In the United States, at least one person among ten people aged sixty-five years and above is affected by Alzheimer’s disease, which later results in dementia when the individuals reach eighty-five (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). Alzheimer’s tends to worsen over time, making it a progressive disease that is associated with symptoms of dementia (Burke et al., 2018). According to the Alzheimer’s Association (2019), more than 200,000 individuals below sixty-five years experience early symptoms of Alzheimer’s.

Cultural implications of Alzheimer

 The number of patients with Alzheimer’s is increasing over time, resulting in the number of patients coming from different races in the United States (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). Therefore, the percentage of patients with Alzheimer’s is a record from the existing diverse cultural communities. Findings from studies indicate that many African Americans have Alzheimer’s since the cultural group is proliferating (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). Also, African Americans are less likely to acquire Alzheimer’s due to their eating habits and lifestyles. According to Arranz and De Strooper (2019), the existing cultural values affect the rate at which Alzheimer’s disease spreads. Since the disease is associated with the lifestyle one is accustomed to, Whites are at a higher risk of acquiring the condition due to their eating habits and cultural values.

Financial/legal/ethical implications for the population related to Alzheimer

 Since Alzheimer’s disease is an ailment associated with persons aged sixty- five years and above, the condition results in serious health problems that necessitate finances to treat (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). The state is associated with financial exploitation since the treatment and prevention of the disease using any money. According to the Alzheimer’s Association (2019), treatment of the disease costs at least $74 per patient, exclusive of home care services. The cost of treating one patient per year sums up to $ 105,850 (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). For that reason, the financial implications brought about by Alzheimer’s significantly affect the impacted population.

The ethical implications for the population related to Alzheimer’s result from the ethical issues brought about during care delivery. Ethically, Alzheimer’s disease is associated with a particular lifestyle whereby a group of vulnerable individuals is affected (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). The legal implications are linked to the number of legal patients and legal issues associated with the disease. The severe impediments of the disease are related to dementia the inability to think correctly, thus the need for legal implications.

Interventions used to improve Alzheimer’s.

 Alzheimer’s is associated with aging, making the disease a common cause of dementia among the aged. According to Tassy et al. (2019), the major issue with Alzheimer’s disease is that the illness affects the neuro-functioning of aging individuals. Over time, scholars have come together to formulate possible interventions to improve Alzheimer’s progressive disease. The interventions are;

Social interactions 

Once individuals are exposed to social engagements, the chances of developing Alzheimer’s symptoms are minimized. Social interactions are effective interventions to improve Alzheimer’s because experts have verified that once the human brain is socially engaged, the brain becomes active, reducing the chances of developing Alzheimer’s, which progresses and leads to dementia (Rajasekhar and Govindaraju, 2018). Social interactions can be carried out through engagement with friends and social media platforms such as Facebook.

Regular exercise

According to the Alzheimer’s Association (2019), regular exercise is one of the most appropriate interventions for improving Alzheimer’s progressive disease among the aged. Rajasekhar and Govindaraju (2018) stated that regular exercise minimizes the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease by at least fifty percent. When the target population is subjected to regular physical activity, the target group gets a better opportunity to prevent the accumulation of proteins around and in the brain, thus minimizing the chances of acquiring the disease.

NSG 4067 Week 4 Project-Analysis of an Age-Related Topic

Incorporating healthy diets

 Alzheimer’s is associated with a specific lifestyle connected to the diets that one is subjected to. Integrating healthy eating habits is an effective remedy to improve Alzheimer’s since the ailment is associated with poor eating habits (Rajasekhar and Govindaraju, 2018). Consuming high sugar content, carbohydrates, and alcohol affects the brain metabolism, which might result in Alzheimer’s. The foods that affect brain metabolism result in brain diabetes,, commonly known as Alzheimer’s. Therefore, eating healthy foods is essential for mitigating Alzheimer’s progressive disease.

Resources available to mitigate Alzheimer

 For the CDC and doctors to mitigate Alzheimer’s, there are resources required. Resources are necessary since patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s require intensive care and reserves, which provide care to the patients in the patients during their early stages. When Alzheimer’s patients are offered intensive care during the early stages of the ailment, managing and controlling the condition becomes easy (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). The available resources to mitigate Alzheimer’s include human resources from faith-based groups. On the other hand, financial resources are not fully open to help control Alzheimer’s.

Costs associated with the interventions identified.

Interventions associated with Alzheimer’s necessitate finances to implement the interventions (Reed et al., 2020). Alzheimer’s progressive disease mainly results in dementia among patients. Alzheimer’s also caused 0.2% of the deaths recorded in adults aged sixty-five years old and above in the United States (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). Due to the increased risks caused by Alzheimer’s progressive ailment, the United States government has set aside a healthcare sector to deal with the disease (Reed et al., 2020). Professionals, including occupational therapists, physiotherapists, chiropodists, optometrists, and language therapists, are dedicated to implementing interventions (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019).

In 2020, the projected cost of Alzheimer’s treatment in the United States was approximately $306 billion. The prices are expected to increase over time since the number of patients with Alzheimer’s is anticipated to increase (Reed, 2020). Due to the increase in the number of patients, the cost of treatment may sum up to a trillion dollars. The cost of intervention recorded in 2020 does not include the cost of home-care services provided by caregivers; thus, intervening measures are more costly for ordinary citizens and the nation.

Medicare and Medicaid also contribute to the enactment of possible prevention and improvement measures for Alzheimer’s.

Sustainability of the interventions

 The interventions stated above are effective in preventing and controlling Alzheimer’s. The interventions are projected to become sustainable since the suggested interventions have been tested and highly contribute to preventing progressive disease (Reed et al., 2020). Interventions such as incorporating healthy diets, consistent exercising, and social interactions ought to control Alzheimer’s disease. Also, good nutrition aids in mitigation measures since diet is essential.

Conclusion

 Alzheimer’s is an ailment that is associated with aging, and it results in dementia. Alzheimer’s primarily affects the old aged between sixty-five years and above. For that reason, Alzheimer’s is a progressive ailment that is associated with the old. Alzheimer’s progressive disease is associated with cultural implications since the disease is linked to the lifestyle that an individual is accustomed to. Alzheimer’s is financially draining since the cost of treatment is expensive.

References

Alzheimer’s Association. (2019). 2019 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer’s & dementia15(3), 321-387.

Arranz, A. M., & De Strooper, B. (2019). The role of astroglia in Alzheimer’s disease: pathophysiology and clinical implications. The Lancet Neurology18(4), 406-414.

Burke, S. L., Cadet, T., Alcide, A., O’Driscoll, J., & Maramaldi, P. (2018). Psychosocial risk factors and Alzheimer’s disease: the associative effect of depression, sleep disturbance, and anxiety. Aging & mental health22(12), 1577-1584.

Rajasekhar, K., & Govindaraju, T. (2018). Current progress, challenges, and prospects of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in Alzheimer’s disease. RSC advances8(42), 23780-23804.

Reed, C., Belger, M., Andrews, J. S., Tockhorn-Heidenreich, A., Jones, R. W., Wimo, A., … & Haro, J. M. (2020). Factors associated with long-term impact on informal caregivers during Alzheimer’s Disease dementia progression: 36-month results from GERAS. International psychogeriatrics32(2), 267-277.

Tassy, S., Konsta, A., & Azorin, J. M. (2019). Neurobiology of Aging. In Psychobiology of Behaviour (pp. 161-170). Springer, Cham.

NSG 4067 Week 5 Discussion: Elder Abuse Discussion

Description

In addition to the legal issues and the financial challenges that the aging population face in accessing appropriate healthcare services, many older adults are also at risk of elder abuse. Elder abuse is more than the infliction of physical harm. The National Center on Elder Abuse Administration on Aging (NCEA) purports that no one knows how many people are suffering from elder abuse and neglect. The center also supports the claim that female elders are abused at a higher rate than males and that the older one is, the more likely one is to be abused (NCEA, 2015).

Tasks:

In a minimum of 200 words, post your response to the following:

  • There are many types of elder abuse. Choose two types and discuss the challenges you perceive in abolishing them. Justify why you consider them as the most crucial. Discuss how you can advocate for the elderly and protect them from abuse.

Submission Details:

  • By the due date assigned, post your responses to this Discussion Area.
  • Through the end of the module, read all of your classmates’ postings and respond to at least two classmates’ posts that differ from your opinion. Consider sharing your own experiences and interpretation of the research. Support your findings with examples and scholarly references. Apply APA standards to citation of sources.

Reference:

National Center on Elder Abuse Administration of Aging (NCEA). (2015). Elder abuse. Retrieved from http://www.ncea.aoa.gov/index.aspx

NSG 4067 Week 5 Discussion Sample One

##Anna

Elder Abuse

Elder abuse has been in civilization since ancient times. Shakespeare’s writings and literature, as well as Greek mythology, contain evidence of elderly mistreatment. Despite its persistent prevalence throughout history, elderly violence has only recently received considerable attention. The growing number of elderly Americans is the primary cause for this newfound awareness of an old problem (National Center for Crime Victims). Because of the few assigned tasks, elder abuse is more widespread in current times than in ancient times (Blake, 2019). In previous generations, members of prominent extended families shared the responsibility of caring for the elderly.

Sexual Abuse of the Elderly

Sexual abuse happens when an older person is engaged in any form of intercourse without the individual’s permission. Sure, victims of sexual abuse, such dementia or Alzheimer’s, cannot grant permission to health treatments. The rules regarding consent for medical purposes differ from state to state. Numerous challenges hamper actions towards eradicating this type of abuse for the elderly. For innumerable reasons, elder abuse is significantly underreported, including a lack of accurate national metrics to record elder abuse and a lack of a consistent method of reporting (Blake, 2019). Factor in guilt, confusion, and fear for victim revenge, communication problems due to Alzheimer’s illness, and other cognitive abnormalities are internal factors that prevent the eradication of this form of abuse since it renders the victim unable to communicate to people about their experiences; thus, a lot of the elderly wind up in silence. The results are disturbing even when elderly sexual assault has been reported (Sahar et al., 2019). Not only are elderly victims of sexual assaults not regularly assessed to ascertain their psychological health, but abusers are also less likely to be prosecuted if physical harm does not appear. These factors of importance draw attention to why sexual abuse for the elderly should be made a priority.

Financial Abuse of the Elderly

Financial abuse consists of the misuse or acquisition of property and finances without the full knowledge and permission of the person of older adults. A person who is not competent does not represent or act in the best interest of that individual (Sahar et al., 2019). Usually, the abuser is a spouse or partner, a family member (typically an adult), a caregiver, a friend, or a trusted person in the elder person’s life. Other types of abuse, such as mental abuse, physical abuse, or denial of rights, are often accompanied by financial abuse.

Financing abuse happens whenever the need, entitlement, or greed for money of a person is more than the capacity of a parent or another older adult to remain fair, honest and compassionate. There are expectations and assumptions in certain societies regarding who will inherit money or property from parents (Miller, 2018). Older parents and their grown-up children may utilize banking equipment or shared accounts but not understand the risk. Financial abuse is more frequent during the health crises of an older adult or following severe health changes. Some elderly individuals feel vulnerable when their wife, lover, or close friend dies. Thus, the health crisis and weakness of elderly adults is usually a barrier that prevents the elderly from accessing their wealth.

Financial abuse of the elderly is an essential aspect of the lives of the elderly since statistics note that either relatives or close associates often dupe many older adults to abandon their wealth. As a result, suffering is usually left as their portion because of being prevented from accessing their wealth. Moreover, during the old ages of life, the elderly typically have no energy or means to fight for what is theirs. Thus, they need to be assisted in acquiring what rightfully belongs to them.

How to Protect the Elderly from Abuse

There are a variety of factors that might enhance or reduce the likelihood of elder abuse. To prevent elder abuse, the variables which endanger or protect individuals from violence must be understood and addressed. For instance, listen to older persons and caregivers to understand and support their problems is encouraged as it will reveal whether abuse has happened. In addition, reporting abuse or alleged abuse to local adult protection services helps the abuser to face the law and thus prevents a future occurrence of the abuse. Finally, supporting overburdened caregivers, such as assistance from friends, family, or local relief care organizations, adult day care programs, counseling outlets to improve mental well-being assistance in terms of vigilance in the abuse of the elderly.

References

Blake, M. (2019). Protecting Older Persons from Life-Threatening and Fatal Abuse: Should Western Australian Criminal Law Do More. UW Austl. L. Rev.45, 195.

Miller, C. A. (2018). Nursing for Wellness in Older Adults. [South University]. Retrieved from https://digitalbookshelf.southuniversity.edu/#/books/9781975100735/

Sahar, J., Rekawati, E., &Wati, D. N. K. (2019). Improving The Health and Functional Status of Institutionalized Older Adults Through The Nurse, Caregiver, and Older-Adults Partnership Model (Miradasia). JurnalKeperawatan Indonesia22(2), 101-109.

##Ashley

Exploitation is defined as the “illegal taking, misuse, or concealment of funds, property, or assets of a senior for someone else’s benefit” (Miller, 2018, p. 163). Exploitation occurs when an elderly person is taken advantage of by another person for their own benefit. This often occurs with someone who is close to the elderly person. Risk factors associated with exploitation include having a physical disability, those of female sex and African Americans. It may be challenging to end exploitation because it occurs as the elderly progress to a more vulnerable state (Miller, 2018). This may mean that the individual no longer has the mental capacity to make independent decisions. If this is the case then the elderly would need someone to make decisions for them. It may also be difficult for an elderly individual to alert others of exploitation if they have a physical or cognitive impairment. Exploitation is crucial because the elderly individual is dependent upon what finances they have to last them for the rest of their life. Healthcare expenses can be very costly, especially for those who need a significant amount of medical care. They not only need to pay for healthcare expenses, but also the routine cost of living such as food, shelter, transportation, etc.  If someone comes along and inappropriately manages what financial security they may have it can be a matter of life and death for the elderly individual.

Neglect is defined as “the failure by those responsible to provide food, shelter, health care, or protection for a vulnerable elder” (Miller, 2018). Neglect may be intentional or unintentional and includes not providing the basic necessities required for a person to live in comfort. Risk factors associated with neglect include the low income population, being in poor health and having inadequate social support. It may be challenging to stop neglect due to limited family resources, caregiver availability, cultural beliefs and the level of understanding by those who are expected to be caregivers. Some families may be limited financially and unable to afford healthcare and/or the appropriate supplies. They may also have a limited understanding of what they are supposed to do to provide the appropriate care for an elderly individual. We also do not all have the same standards when it comes to cleanliness and nutritional needs. Neglect is crucial because it determines if an elderly individual receives basic care needs. If the needs are neglected they may ultimately lead to larger problems and discomfort.   

Advocating for the elderly can begin before they get into situations where they have little control. I think everyone should have a plan before they get to this point. An individual should have a durable/healthcare power of attorney, advanced directive, living will and a will/trust established. We should make it a priority to listen to elderly patients and ask questions. We may need assistance from services such as home health and social services. The family may need further education as to the needs of the patient. They family may need supplies and assistance with performing duties.

 Miller, C. A. (2018). Nursing for Wellness in Older Adults (8th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters             Kluwer/Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

NSG 4067 Week 5 Discussion Sample Two

Psychological abuse entails cases where the caregiver humiliates and handles older people without respect. Notably, in most cases, this type of abuse is characterized by name-calling and harsh disregard for the older adult’s opinion. Abolishing this type of abuse is coupled with myriad challenges, including recognizing signs of occurrence since there is no physical evidence in most cases. Moreover, this abuse is mainly perpetrated by caregivers, and older people are likely to normalize it and might find it hard to report it. Although psychological maltreatment has detrimental effects, including instigating mental problems, WHO (2017) highlights it as the most under-registered form of elderly abuse.

Financial elder abuse occurs when an individual, primarily a family member, misappropriates the resources of older people or uses economic power to subdue older people. Unlike other forms of abuse, financial abuse is subtle, hard to notice, and thus challenging to abolish. Further, according to WHO (2017), curbing financial abuse is complicated because the perpetrators are closely attached to older people, such as caregivers or family members. In some cases, the older adult does not know about its occurrence; thus, no reporting occurs.

NSG 4067 Week 5 Discussion

Key Strategies to advocate and protect older people from psychological and financial abuse include encouraging the community members to help by heightening scrutiny for plausible abuse cases and reporting them to the authorities. As such, community members should be taught the signs manifest in psychological abuse, such as observing behavior changes in older people. In this case, increased fearfulness, uncommunicative tendencies, and isolation, among others, should be taken to signify the possibility of psychological abuse. On the other hand, Manifestations of financial abuse include massive withdraws from the elderly accounts and sudden issues of unpaid bills.

The community members should also be encouraged to observe behavioral change by the caregiver. In this regard, inhibiting visitors to older people and cases whereby the caregiver portrays indifference and heightened hostility to the elder, such as name-calling, should also warrant a report of possible elderly financial or psychological abuse. Further, I would encourage the need for the authorities and other agencies involved with older people to take any reported suspicion seriously and take immediate action to curtail the abuse and accrued effects on older people.

Reference

World Health Organization. (2017). Prevention of Elderly Abuse. WHO

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