NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

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NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs AssignmentNURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology

Assignment Title: NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

This assignment involves a comprehensive examination of the ethical and legal implications associated with prescribing drugs. Advanced practice nurses (APNs) must evaluate various factors when prescribing medications, including the patient’s diagnosis, appropriate drug choice, dosage, administration frequency, contraindications, and potential complications. The assignment aims to ensure that APNs are well-versed in the professional, legal, and ethical standards that govern their prescriptive authority and understand how state-specific regulations might influence their prescribing practices.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is to develop an in-depth understanding of the ethical and legal responsibilities of APNs when prescribing medications. Students will explore scenarios that highlight potential medication errors and analyze their implications on all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and the patient’s family. The assignment encourages students to think critically about the principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice, and how these ethical principles should guide their decision-making process.

The Student’s Role

As an advanced practice nurse, students are responsible for making informed and ethically sound decisions in their prescribing practices. This role involves being accountable for patient safety and well-being, maintaining professional integrity, and adhering to both legal standards and ethical guidelines. Students are expected to conduct thorough research on state-specific laws and standards related to prescribing prescription drugs and addressing medication errors. They should be prepared to communicate openly with patients and their families, especially in instances of medication errors, and implement strategies to prevent such errors from recurring.

Competencies Measured

This assignment measures several key competencies essential for advanced practice nursing, including:

  • Ethical Decision-Making: The ability to apply ethical principles to real-world scenarios and make decisions that prioritize patient safety and autonomy.
  • Legal Knowledge: Understanding the legal requirements and regulations related to prescribing medications in different states, and how to comply with these laws.
  • Clinical Judgment: Assessing patient-specific factors that might influence drug efficacy and safety, and making appropriate clinical decisions based on this assessment.
  • Communication Skills: Effectively communicating with patients, families, and other healthcare professionals, particularly regarding the disclosure of medication errors.
  • Risk Management: Implementing strategies to minimize the risk of medication errors and ensuring a culture of safety within the healthcare setting.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology Course:

NURS 6521 Discussion Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

Introduction

Advanced practice nurses (APNs) with prescriptive authority bear the significant responsibility of ensuring patient safety and adherence to legal and ethical standards. The process of prescribing drugs involves considering the patient’s diagnosis, the appropriate medication, dosage, administration frequency, contraindications, and potential complications. Furthermore, state regulations and ethical principles guide APNs in their practice. This paper examines the ethical and legal implications of a medication error scenario, explores strategies for addressing disclosure and nondisclosure, and outlines approaches to minimize such errors.

Ethical and Legal Implications: Scenario Analysis

A common scenario involves an APN who mistakenly prescribes an incorrect dosage of a medication to a patient, leading to adverse effects. This situation impacts multiple stakeholders. The prescriber may face malpractice claims and licensure consequences. Ethically, the prescriber is obligated to rectify the error and prevent further harm. The pharmacist is responsible for verifying prescriptions and may share liability if the error is not caught. The patient suffers direct health impacts, while the family deals with emotional and financial burdens. Ethically, they deserve transparency and honesty about the error. The healthcare institution may face reputational damage and financial liabilities. There is also an ethical obligation to support a culture of safety and accountability.

Each state has specific regulations governing the practice of APNs. For instance, in California, APNs must adhere to the guidelines set by the California Board of Registered Nursing, which includes mandatory reporting of medication errors and following specific protocols for prescribing and documentation (California Board of Registered Nursing, 2021). Failure to comply can result in disciplinary action and legal consequences.

Strategies for Disclosure and Nondisclosure

Disclosing medication errors to the patient and their family is ethically imperative. It aligns with the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence, ensuring that patients are fully informed about their treatment and any associated risks. Employing a compassionate and supportive approach when communicating errors helps maintain trust and facilitates a constructive dialogue about corrective measures.

Nondisclosure can lead to legal repercussions, including malpractice lawsuits and loss of licensure. It also undermines patient trust and violates ethical principles. From an ethical standpoint, nondisclosure conflicts with the principles of autonomy and justice, depriving patients of their right to make informed decisions about their care.

Strategies for Ethical and Legal Decision-Making

Implementing Ethical Guidelines

  • Adherence to Ethical Principles: APNs should follow ethical guidelines such as the American Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics, which emphasizes patient safety, honesty, and accountability (American Nurses Association, 2015).
  • Ongoing Education: Regular training on ethical decision-making and legal requirements can help APNs stay informed and prepared to handle complex situations.

Minimizing Medication Errors

  • Use of Technology: Implementing electronic health records (EHRs) and computerized physician order entry (CPOE) systems can reduce the risk of errors by providing accurate, up-to-date patient information and alerting prescribers to potential issues.
  • Collaborative Practice: Encouraging a team-based approach where APNs work closely with pharmacists, physicians, and other healthcare professionals can enhance the verification process and catch errors before they reach the patient.

Conclusion

APNs must navigate the complex landscape of legal and ethical considerations when prescribing drugs. Understanding state regulations, adhering to ethical principles, and employing strategies to minimize errors and ensure transparency enables APNs to uphold their professional responsibilities and protect patient safety. Regular education and the use of technology are crucial in fostering a safe and effective healthcare environment.

References

American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements. Silver Spring, MD: American Nurses Publishing.

California Board of Registered Nursing. (2021). Laws and Regulations. Retrieved from California BRN.

Niemann, D., Bertsche, A., Meyrath, D., Koepf, E. D., Traiser, C., Seebald, K., & Bertsche, T. (2015). A prospective three-step intervention study to prevent medication errors in drug handling in pediatric care. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 24(1-2), 101-114.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment

Assignment: Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs

What type of drug should you prescribe based on your patient’s diagnosis? How much of the drug should the patient receive? How often should the drug be administered? When should the drug not be prescribed? Are there individual patient factors that could create complications when taking the drug? Should you be prescribing drugs to this patient? How might different state regulations affect the prescribing of this drug to this patient?

These are some of the questions you might consider when selecting a treatment plan for a patient.

As an advanced practice nurse prescribing drugs, you are held accountable for people’s lives every day. Patients and their families will often place trust in you because of your position. With this trust comes power and responsibility, as well as an ethical and legal obligation to “do no harm.” It is important that you are aware of current professional, legal, and ethical standards for advanced practice nurses with prescriptive authority. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the treatment plans and administration/prescribing of drugs is in accordance with the regulations of the state in which you practice. Understanding how these regulations may affect the prescribing of certain drugs in different states may have a significant impact on your patient’s treatment plan. In this Assignment, you explore ethical and legal implications of scenarios and consider how to appropriately respond.

To Prepare

Review the Resources for this module and consider the legal and ethical implications of prescribing prescription drugs, disclosure, and nondisclosure.

  • Review the scenario assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment.
  • Search specific laws and standards for prescribing prescription drugs and for addressing medication errors for your state or region, and reflect on these as you review the scenario assigned by your Instructor.
  • Consider the ethical and legal implications of the scenario for all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.
  • Think about two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your ethically and legally responsible decision-making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose any medication errors.

By Day 7 of Week 1

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

  • Explain the ethical and legal implications of the scenario you selected on all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.
  • Describe strategies to address disclosure and nondisclosure as identified in the scenario you selected. Be sure to reference laws specific to your state.
  • Explain two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your decision making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose your error. Be sure to justify your explanation.
  • Explain the process of writing prescriptions, including strategies to minimize medication errors.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The College of Nursing Writing Template with Instructions provided at the Walden Writing Center offers an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates/general#s-lg-box-20293632). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

  • Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK1Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
  • Click the Week 1 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
  • Click the Week 1 Assignment  You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
  • Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer Find the document you saved as “WK1Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
  • If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
  • Click on the Submitbutton to complete your submission.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 1

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NURS 6501N Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

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NURS 6501N Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501 Week 10 Assignment – Case study, STDs and Infertility AssignmentNURS 6501 Week 10 Assignment – Case study, STDs and Infertility Assignment

NURS 6501N Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6501N – Advanced Pathophysiology

Assignment Title: NURS 6501 Week 10 Assignment – Case study, STDs and Infertility

Assignment Instructions Overview

The purpose of this assignment is to develop a comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiological differences between women’s and men’s health, the implications of infections, and the various hematologic disorders. Through the analysis of a case study, students will explore these concepts, applying critical thinking to interpret symptoms and laboratory results. This analysis will help in forming accurate diagnoses and effective treatment plans, considering both biological and patient-specific variables.

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Understanding Assignment Objectives

This assignment aims to evaluate students’ understanding of the fundamental concepts of women’s and men’s health, common infections, and hematologic disorders. It focuses on analyzing the pathophysiological processes across different stages of life and how they are affected by gender, ethnicity, and other patient characteristics. The objective is to equip students with the knowledge necessary to communicate effectively with patients and to develop tailored treatment plans that address individual health needs.

The Student’s Role

Students are required to analyze a given case study, identify key symptoms, and interpret relevant laboratory results. The analysis should consider factors affecting fertility, reasons for elevated inflammatory markers in sexually transmitted infections and pelvic inflammatory disease, causes of prostatitis and systemic reactions, rationale behind splenectomy in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and the various types of anemia. Students should demonstrate a thorough understanding of these concepts and provide evidence-based explanations to support their analyses.

Competencies Measured

This assignment measures the following competencies:

  • Pathophysiological Analysis: Ability to analyze and interpret the pathophysiological processes of health disorders.
  • Gender-Specific Health Issues: Understanding the differences in health disorders between men and women.
  • Infection and Inflammatory Response: Knowledge of the mechanisms behind infections and the body’s inflammatory responses.
  • Hematologic Disorders: Insight into the causes and implications of various hematologic disorders.
  • Patient-Specific Considerations: Ability to consider patient characteristics such as age, gender, and ethnicity in the diagnosis and treatment of health disorders.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6501N – Advanced Pathophysiology Course:

NURS 6501N Week 1 Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Week 2 Altered Physiology Assignment: Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 4 Case Study Analysis Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Week 5: Knowledge Check Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Module 7 Assignment: Week 10: Concepts of Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders Case Study Analysis

Introduction

The presented case study involves a 32-year-old female who exhibits symptoms suggestive of a severe infection, possibly pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The analysis will explore factors affecting fertility related to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), the rise of inflammatory markers in STD/PID, the etiology of prostatitis and infection, the rationale for splenectomy in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and the various forms of anemia.

Factors Affecting Fertility (STDs)

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are significant contributors to infertility in women. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the most common STDs associated with infertility. These infections can ascend from the lower genital tract to the upper genital tract, causing PID. PID can result in inflammation and scarring of the fallopian tubes, leading to tubal factor infertility. Studies indicate that 10-15% of women with untreated chlamydia will develop PID, which in turn can lead to chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility (Tsevat et al., 2017).

Inflammatory Markers in STD/PID

Inflammatory markers such as white blood cell (WBC) count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) are elevated in PID due to the body’s immune response to infection. The presence of pathogens in the reproductive tract triggers the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to increased production of these markers. Elevated WBC indicates an active infection, ESR reflects the rate of red blood cell sedimentation influenced by fibrinogen and other acute-phase reactants, and CRP is a marker of acute inflammation produced by the liver in response to cytokines (McCance & Huether, 2019).

Prostatitis and Infection: Causes and Systemic Reaction

Prostatitis often results from bacterial infection, including Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria. The infection can ascend from the urethra or the bladder to the prostate gland. Systemic reactions occur as the body’s immune system responds to the infection, releasing inflammatory mediators that cause fever, chills, and other systemic symptoms. Prostatitis may also result in localized pain, urinary symptoms, and sometimes sepsis if the infection spreads (Krivan et al., 2017).

Splenectomy in ITP

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by immune-mediated destruction of platelets, primarily occurring in the spleen. Splenectomy, the surgical removal of the spleen, is considered when other treatments fail. The spleen is a major site of platelet destruction and antibody production against platelets. Removing the spleen reduces platelet destruction, thereby increasing platelet counts and reducing the risk of bleeding complications (Chaturvedi, Arnold, & McCrae, 2018).

Anemia and Its Types

Anemia is defined by a reduction in the number of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin concentration. It is classified into three main types: microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic anemia. Microcytic anemia, characterized by small RBCs, often results from iron deficiency or thalassemia. Patients exhibit symptoms such as pallor, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Normocytic anemia involves normal-sized RBCs that are fewer in number, typically resulting from chronic disease or acute blood loss. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, and pallor. Macrocytic anemia, characterized by larger than normal RBCs, usually results from vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. Symptoms include glossitis, neurological disturbances, and fatigue (Weiss, Ganz, & Goodnough, 2019).

Conclusion

This case study highlights the importance of understanding the interplay between infections and reproductive health, the significance of inflammatory markers in diagnosing infections, the systemic implications of bacterial infections, and the rationale behind specific treatments for hematologic disorders. A comprehensive understanding of these factors aids in accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and improved patient outcomes.

References

Chaturvedi, S., Arnold, D. M., & McCrae, K. R. (2018). Splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenia: down but not out. Blood Journal, 131(11), 1172-1182.

Krivan, G., Jolles, S., Granados, E. L., Paolantonacci, P., Ouaja, R., Cissé, O. A., & Bernatowska, E. (2017). New insights in the use of immunoglobulins for the management of immune deficiency (PID) patients. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 6(5), 76.

McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

Tsevat, D. G., Wiesenfeld, H. C., Parks, C., & Peipert, J. F. (2017). Sexually transmitted diseases and infertility. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 216(1), 1-9.

Weiss, G., Ganz, T., & Goodnough, L. T. (2019). Anemia of inflammation. Blood Journal, 133(1), 40-50.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6501N Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment

Week 10: Concepts of Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders

Literature, cinema, and other cultural references have long examined differences between women and men. These observations extend well beyond obvious and even inconspicuous traits to include cultural, behavioral, and biological differences that can impact pathophysiological process and, ultimately, health.

Understanding these differences in traits and their impact on pathophysiology can better equip acute care nurses to communicate to patients of both sexes. Furthermore, APRNs who are able to communicate these differences can better guide care to patients, whatever their gender.

This week, you examine fundamental concepts of women’s and men’s health disorders. You also explore common infections and hematologic disorders, and you apply the key terms and concepts that help communicate the pathophysiological nature of these issues to patients.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

  • Analyze concepts and principles of pathophysiology across the life span
  • Analyze processes related to women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders
  • Identify racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning
  • Evaluate the impact of patient characteristics on disorders and altered physiology

Learning Resources

Required Readings

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

  • Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems (stop at Tests of reproductive function); Summary Review
  • Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System (stop at Organ prolapse); pp. 787–788 (start at Impaired fertility) (stop at Disorders of the female breast); Summary Review
  • Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System (stop at Hormone levels); Summary Review
  • Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections, including Summary Review
  • Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematological System (stop at Clinical evaluation of the hematological system); Summary Review
  • Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function, including Summary Review
  • Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function, including Summary Review

Low, N. & Broutet N. J. (2017). Sexually transmitted infections – Research priorities for new challenges. PLoS Medicine, (12), e1002481

Kessler, C. M. (2019). Immune thrombocytopenic purpura [LK1] (ITP). Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/202158-overview

Nagalia, S. (2019). Pernicious anemia[LK1] . Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204930-overview#a3

Stauder, R., Valent, P., & Theurl, I. [LK1] (2019). Anemia at older age: Etiologies, clinical implications and management. Blood Journal, 131(5). Retrieved from http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/131/5/505?sso-checked=true

Credit Line: Anemia at older age: Etiologies, clinical implications and management by Stauder, R., Valent, P., & Theurl, I., in Blood Journal, Vol. 131/Issue 5. Copyright 2019 by American Society of Hematology. Reprinted by permission of American Society of Hematology via the Copyright Clearance Center.

Document: NURS 6501 Final Exam Review (PDF document)

Note: Use this document to help you as you review for your Final Exam in Week 11.

Required Media

Module 7 Overview with Dr. Tara Harris

Dr. Tara Harris reviews the structure of Module 7 as well as the expectations for the module. Consider how you will manage your time as you review your media and Learning Resources throughout the module to prepare for your Knowledge Check and your Assignment. (3m)

Khan Academy. (2019a). Chronic disease vs iron deficiency anemia[LK1] . Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/hematologic-system-diseases-2/iron-deficiency-anemia-and-anemia-of-chronic-disease/v/chronic-disease-vs-iron-deficiency-anemia

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 5 minutes.

Online Media from Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children

In addition to this week’s media, it is highly recommended that you access and view the resources included with the course text, Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Focus on the videos and animations in Chapters 24, 26, 28, and 30 that relate to the reproductive and hematological systems. Refer to the Learning Resources in Week 1 for registration instructions. If you have already registered, you may access the resources at https://evolve.elsevier.com/

Knowledge Check: Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders

In this exercise, you will complete a 10- to 20-essay type question Knowledge Check to gauge your understanding of this module’s content.

Possible topics covered in this Knowledge Check include:

    • Sexually transmitted diseases
    • Prostate
    • Epididymitis
    • Factors that affect fertility
    • Reproductive health
    • Alterations and fertility
    • Anemia
    • ITP and TTP
    • DIC
    • Thrombocytopeni

Complete the Knowledge Check By Day 7 of Week 10

To complete this Knowledge Check:

Module 7 Knowledge Check

Module 7 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

An understanding of the factors surrounding women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders can be critically important to disease diagnosis and treatment in these areas. This importance is magnified by the fact that some diseases and disorders manifest differently based on the sex of the patient.

Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond the human systems involved. The impact of patient characteristics, as well as racial and ethnic variables, can also have an important impact..

An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in systems based on these characteristics is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.

To prepare:

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

A 32-year-old female presents to the ED with a chief complaint of fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and vaginal discharge. She states these symptoms started about 3 days ago, but she thought she had the flu. She has begun to have LLQ pain and notes bilateral lower back pain. She denies dysuria, foul-smelling urine, or frequency. States she is married and has sexual intercourse with her husband. PMH negative.  Labs: CBC-WBC 18, Hgb 16, Hct 44, Plat 325, ­ Neuts & Lymphs, sed rate 46 mm/hr, C-reactive protein 67 mg/L CMP wnl  Vital signs T 103.2 F Pulse 120 Resp 22 and PaO2  99% on room air. Cardio-respiratory exam WNL with the exception of tachycardia but no murmurs, rubs, clicks, or gallops. Abdominal exam + for LLQ pain on deep palpation but no rebound or rigidity. Pelvic exam demonstrates copious foul-smelling green drainage with reddened cervix and + bilateral adenexal tenderness. + chandelier sign. Wet prep in ER + clue cells and gram stain in ER + gram negative diplococci.

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:

  • The factors that affect fertility (STDs).
  • Why inflammatory markers rise in STD/PID.
  • Why prostatitis and infection happens. Also explain the causes of systemic reaction.
  • Why a patient would need a splenectomy after a diagnosis of ITP.
  • Anemia and the different kinds of anemia (i.e., micro and macrocytic).

Day 7 of Week 10

Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 10

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

  • Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “M7Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
  • Click the Module 7 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
  • Click the Module 7  Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
  • Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “M7Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
  • If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
  • Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Module 7 Assignment Rubric

Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:

Submit your Module 7 Assignment draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 10

To participate in this Assignment:

Module 7 Assignment

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NURS 6501N Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

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NURS 6501N Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis AssignmentNURS 6501N Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment

NURS 6501N Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6501N – Advanced Pathophysiology

Assignment Title: NURS 6501N Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

This assignment focuses on analyzing a case study related to neurological and musculoskeletal disorders, exploring their pathophysiologic processes and the impact of racial/ethnic variables on physiological functioning. Students will investigate how these systems interact to affect patient health.

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Understanding Assignment Objectives

Students are tasked with:

  • Analyzing pathophysiologic processes related to neurological and musculoskeletal disorders.
  • Identifying racial/ethnic variables that may influence physiological functioning.
  • Evaluating the interaction between neurological and musculoskeletal processes in impacting patient health.

The Student’s Role

As a student, your role is to critically analyze the presented case study, applying knowledge of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders acquired through course readings and media resources. You will demonstrate understanding of disease mechanisms and their implications for patient care.

Competencies Measured

This assignment assesses competencies in:

  • Analytical thinking: Ability to dissect complex symptoms and relate them to underlying disease processes.
  • Cultural competence: Understanding the role of racial and ethnic factors in disease manifestation and management.
  • Communication: Effectively conveying diagnostic considerations and treatment implications based on identified pathophysiological mechanisms.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6501N – Advanced Pathophysiology Course:

NURS 6501N Week 1 Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Week 2 Altered Physiology Assignment: Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 4 Case Study Analysis Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Week 5: Knowledge Check Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6501 Week 10 Assignment – Case study, STDs and Infertility Assignment Example

NURS 6501N Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Example

NURS 6501N Week 8 Case Study Analysis Assignment: Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Introduction

This case study analysis explores the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes in a 67-year-old man diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). It examines the racial and ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning and how these processes interact to affect the patient.

Neurological and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiologic Processes

Parkinson’s Disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Dopamine is essential for smooth, coordinated muscle movements. As dopamine levels decline, patients experience tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability (DeMaagd & Philip, 2015).

In the presented case, the patient’s symptoms, such as tremors in the arms and legs, “pill-rolling” movement, rigidity, and shuffling gait, are classic manifestations of PD. The mask-like facial expression and cogwheel rigidity observed during the physical exam further support this diagnosis. The musculoskeletal symptoms stem from the neurological deficits, leading to muscle stiffness and difficulty in initiating movements (DeMaagd & Philip, 2015).

Racial and Ethnic Variables Impacting Physiological Functioning

The prevalence and progression of Parkinson’s Disease can vary among different racial and ethnic groups due to genetic, environmental, and socio-cultural factors. Research indicates that African Americans and Asians have a lower prevalence of PD compared to Caucasians. This discrepancy may be attributed to genetic variations, differences in environmental exposures, and potential disparities in access to healthcare and diagnostic services (Sauerbier et al., 2018; Dahodwala et al., 2009).

Socio-cultural factors can influence the patient’s awareness and understanding of PD, potentially delaying diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, dietary habits, levels of physical activity, and exposure to neurotoxins can vary between ethnic groups, potentially impacting disease onset and progression (Sauerbier et al., 2018).

Interaction of Processes to Affect the Patient

The neurological and musculoskeletal processes in Parkinson’s Disease are interrelated. The degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons leads to motor symptoms, such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. These motor deficits result in secondary musculoskeletal complications, including muscle stiffness, joint pain, and postural abnormalities (DeMaagd & Philip, 2015).

Racial and ethnic factors can exacerbate these issues by influencing the patient’s overall health, access to healthcare, and lifestyle. For example, if the patient belongs to an ethnic group with limited access to healthcare resources, he may experience delays in diagnosis and treatment, worsening his symptoms. Additionally, socio-cultural differences in diet and physical activity can impact the severity of musculoskeletal symptoms and overall disease progression (Sauerbier et al., 2018).

Conclusion

Parkinson’s Disease involves complex interactions between neurological and musculoskeletal systems, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. Racial and ethnic variables can influence disease prevalence, progression, and patient outcomes. Understanding these factors is crucial for providing comprehensive care and developing effective treatment plans for individuals with Parkinson’s Disease.

References

Dahodwala, N., Siderowf, A., Xie, M., Noll, E., Stern, M., & Mandell, D. (2009). Racial differences in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Movement Disorders, 24(8), 1200-1205. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.22557

DeMaagd, G., & Philip, A. (2015). Parkinson’s disease and Its Management: Part 1: Disease Entity, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Diagnosis. Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 40(8), 504-532. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4517533/

Sauerbier, A., Aris, A., Lim, E., Bhattacharya, K., & Chaudhuri, K. (2018). Impact of ethnicity on the natural history of Parkinson disease. Medical Journal of Australia, 208(9), 410-414. Retrieved from https://www.mja.com.au/system/files/issues/208_09/10.5694mja17.01074.pdf

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6501N Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Case Study Analysis Assignment

Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders – Part 2

As homeowners know all too well, there is a continuous need for maintenance and repair. Some efforts are precautionary in nature, while others are the result of issues that surface over time.

Similarly, musculoskeletal disorders can develop over time. For some disorders, such as osteoporosis, precautionary treatments are a potential option. But much like issues that surface in a home over time, many musculoskeletal issues can be very serious concerns, and they can have a significant impact on patients’ lives.

This week, you continue to examine fundamental concepts of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. You explore common disorders that impact these systems and you apply the key terms and concepts that help communicate the pathophysiological nature of these issues to patients.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

  • Analyze processes related to neurological and musculoskeletal disorders
  • Identify racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning
  • Evaluate the impact of patient characteristics on disorders and altered physiology

Learning Resources

Note: The below resources were first presented in Week 7. If you have previously reviewed them, you are encouraged to read or view them again here.

Required Readings

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

  • Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems (stop at Aging and the nervous system)
  • Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function (stop at Sleep); Summary Review
  • o   Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function; pp. 504–511, pp. 516–530 (start at Acute confusional states and delirium) (stop at Alterations in neuromotor functions); (Parkinson’s Disease); Summary Review
  • Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction (stop at Degenerative disorders of the spine); (start at Cerebrovascular disorders) (stop at Tumors of the central nervous system); Summary Review
  • Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System (stop at Components of muscle function); Summary Review
  • Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function (stop at Bone tumors); (start at Disorders of joints); Summary Review

Chin, L. S. (2018). Spinal cord injuries. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/793582-overview#a4

Required Media

Khan Academy. (2019b). Ischemic stroke. Retrieved from ttps://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/circulatory-system-diseases/stroke/v/ischemic-stroke

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 8 minutes.

Osmosis.org. (2019, June 12). Osteoporosis – causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUQ_tt_zJDo

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 9 minutes.

Online Media from Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children

In addition to this week’s media, it is highly recommended that you access and view the resources included with the course text, Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Focus on the videos and animations in Chapters 15, 16, 18, and the sections of Chapters 44 and 45 that relate to the neurological and musculoskeletal systems. Refer to the Learning Resources in Week 1 for registration instructions. If you have already registered, you may access the resources at https://evolve.elsevier.com/

Module 5 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

An understanding of the neurological and musculoskeletal systems is a critically important component of disease and disorder diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified by the impact that that these two systems can have on each other. A variety of factors and circumstances affecting the emergence and severity of issues in one system can also have a role in the performance of the other.

Effective analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond these systems and their mutual impact. For example, patient characteristics such as, racial and ethnic variables can play a role.

An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in neurological and musculoskeletal systems is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment. For APRNs this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.

To prepare:

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:

  • Both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms.
  • Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
  • How these processes interact to affect the patient.

Week 8 Case Study:

A 67-year-old man presents to the HCP with a chief complaint of tremors in his arms. He also has noticed some tremors in his leg as well. The patient is accompanied by his son, who says that his father has become “stiff” and it takes him much longer to perform simple tasks. The son also relates that his father needs help rising from his chair. Physical exam demonstrates tremors in the hands at rest and fingers exhibit “pill-rolling” movement. The patient’s face is not mobile and exhibits a mask-like appearance. His gait is uneven, and he shuffles when he walks and his head/neck, hips, and knees are flexed forward. He exhibits jerky or cogwheeling movement. The patient states that he has episodes of extreme sweating and flushing not associated with the activity. Laboratory data unremarkable and the HCP has diagnosed the patient with Parkinson’s Disease.

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:

  • Both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms.
  • Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
  • How these processes interact to affect the patient.

Day 7 of Week 8

Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 8.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

  • Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “M5Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
  • Click the Module 5 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
  • Click the Module 5 Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
  • Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “M5Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
  • If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
  • Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Module 5 Assignment Rubric

Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:

Submit your Module 5 Assignment draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 8

To participate in this Assignment:

Module 5 Assignment

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